广东省佛山市2～12岁儿童气质特点研究  

A study on temperament of children between 2～12 years old in foshan city of guangdong province

作　　者：欧阳林静[1] 赵小玲[1] 马静敏[1] 林莉萍[1] 钱念渝[1] 吴志钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市口腔医院儿科佛山科学技术学院医学院,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《海南医学》2008年第8期160-162,共3页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨本地区2～12岁儿童气质的变化特点,性别差异以及年龄差异。方法选取有一定代表性的佛山市2～12岁的儿童有效例数共260人,采用张劲松等研发的儿童气质测评软件,根据Carey的TTS、BSQ、METQ分组进行儿童气质的研究,按年龄和性别进行分析。结果2—3岁儿童中男孩较女孩反应强烈;3～7岁儿童中男孩活动强度较高,节律性较强、反应阈较高;8～12岁儿童中男孩的活动强度较高、可预见性较低、反应较强烈、坚持性较低。2岁以后的儿童总体上表现为高年龄组儿童的活动水平降低、适应性更强的倾向,3岁以后的儿童表现出随年龄增加而反应强度下降、坚持性增高的倾向,2—7岁之间儿童的注意分散度逐渐下降。气质特点约从7岁左右开始更加稳定。结论儿童气质的性别差异随年龄增长而逐渐显现,高年龄组中差异显著的维度较低年龄组多。气质特点随年龄变化的趋势与儿童的神经心理发育密切相关,与张劲松等人研究的结果基本吻合。Objective To explore the temperament traits of children. Methods Three children temperament questionnaires （TTS, BSQ, MCTQ） developed by Carry were administered to 260 children with age ranging from two to twelve-year old in foshan city of guangdong province. Results Boys were more intense than girls in two to three-year old children. Boys were more active, more rhythmic and had higher threshold of response than girls in three to seven-year old children. Boys were more active, less predictive, more intense, less persistent in eight to twelve year old children. Age differences of temperament were detected in different age groups. The tendency was that the children were less active and more adaptable with the age increasing after one year old, and less intense and more insistent after three years old, less distractible in two to seven year old children. Conclusion The gender diferences of children temperament become more significant with the children＇s age.

关 键 词：儿童气质 性别差异 年龄差异 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]