中华绒螯蟹颤抖病药物治疗的初步研究  

Medication of the Tremor Disease in Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：吴霆[1,2] 顾伟[1] 王文[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省生物多样性与生物技术重点实验室,南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210046 [2]江苏省宝应县水生动物疫病预防控制中心,江苏宝应225800

出　　处：《水产科学》2008年第7期325-329,共5页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(30771649);江苏省重大科技攻关项目(BE2007343)

摘　　要：用水产常用清塘剂、杀菌驱虫药、消毒剂、中草药及自配药物克螺威1号(SI-1)对中华绒螯蟹颤抖病病原螺原体进行体外药敏试验。结果表明,螺原体对生石灰、茶籽饼、敌杀死、硫酸铜、硫酸锌、次氯酸钙、三氯异氰脲酸、二氧化氯、溴氯海因、二溴海因、高锰酸钾、五倍子、黄连、黄柏及自配药物克螺威1号具有不同程度的敏感性。通过最小杀菌浓度(MBC)比较,螺原体对清塘剂茶籽饼、杀菌驱虫药硫酸铜、消毒剂次氯酸钙、中草药黄连、自配药物克螺威1号更为敏感,其中克螺威1号为最敏感药物,最小抑菌质量浓度(M IC)为0.16 mg/L,MBC为2.5 mg/L。对克螺威1号进行急性毒性试验和颤抖病治疗试验表明,克螺威1号的96 h LD50为1106.62 mg/kg,安全使用量为110.66 mg/kg。用其治疗人工诱发颤抖病的中华绒螯蟹,克螺威1号具有显著效果(P<0.05),随后在10个被确诊为螺原体引发中华绒螯蟹颤抖病的养殖场进行药物治疗试验,在6个养殖场治疗有效,而在其他4个养殖场治疗无效,治疗试验效果不一,用克螺威1号治疗中华绒螯蟹颤抖病具有较好的前景,但仍需进一步做大面积长期临床试验。Medication of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis with tremor disease was studied in this paper. Some drugs, such as Calcium oxide, Tea seed cake, Dipterex,Decamethrin K-othrin Decis Dehamethrin, Copper sulfate, Zinc sulfate, Calcium hypochlorite, Trichloro isocyanuric acid, Chlorinae dioxydum, Bromochlorodimethyl Hydantoin, Dibromo-dimethy Hydantion, Potassium permanganate, Euphorbia humifusa, Rhus Coptis tecta, Phellodendron chinensis, Scutellaria, Indigotica, Andrographis, Forsythiae, Astragali, and Spiroplasma inhibitor-1 （SI-1） were used to detect the sensitivity to the tremor disease agent, spiroplasma, In vitro. The results indicated that the agent was susceptible to Calcium oxide, Tea-seed cake, Decamethrin K-othrin Decis Deltamethrin, Copper sulfate, Zinc sulfate, Calcium hypochlorite, Trichloro isocyanuric acid, Chlorinae dioxydum, Bromochlorodimethyl hydantoin, Dibromo-dimethy Hydantion, Potassium permanganate, Rhus, Coptis, Phellodendron and SI-1. SI-1 was the most sensitive drug for the spiroplasma pathogen, and its MIC was 0.16 mg/L, MBC was 2.5 mg/L The acute toxicity experiment of SI-1 to the crab was carried out, and the results showed that the LD50 of SI-1 in 96 h on the crab was 1106.62 mg/kg and security dose for crab was 110.66 mg/kg. The effect of SI-1 for medicating the tremor disease in laboratory was remarkable （P 〈0.05）, but the results in practical application in 10 aquicul- ture farms were not identical, with the 6 farms effective and 4 farms ineffective. So it is concluded that SI-1 be a potential medication for treating the tremor disease. However,further experiments are needed in more aquaculture farms for a long period.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 颤抖病 螺原体 体外药敏 急性毒性试验 治疗试验 克螺威1号 

分 类 号：S947.9[农业科学—水产养殖]