健康信念模式下大学生生殖健康问题成因探析及对策  

The Causes of Reproductive Health Problems in University Students and the Coping Strategy under the Health Belief Mode

作　　者：杜建林[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南吉首大学医学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《护理学报》2008年第7期85-87,共3页Journal of Nursing（China）

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科研项目(07C548)

摘　　要：目的理解健康信念模式的基本含义,探析健康信念模式下大学生生殖健康问题的成因及护理对策。方法以健康信念模式理论为基础,从大学生生殖健康信念、促进健康行为因素和制约因素等方面,分析大学生生殖健康问题形成的内在原因及影响因素,提出护理健康教育对策。结果现代大学生生殖系统疾病易感性的感知差,生殖健康知识和信息缺失,不能正确评估健康行动的益处和障碍,效能期望值低,自我效能和增效能力欠缺;大学生生殖健康相关行为改变与关键事件促成因素有关,受个人、社会和环境等多种因素的影响和制约。结论健康信念模式为探析大学生生殖健康问题成因提供了理论框架,并指导对大学生生殖健康教育的对策:(1)评估大学生生殖健康信念并以此为依据进行生殖健康教育;(2)加强大学生教育提高其自我效能;(3)整体协同促进大学生生殖健康教育。Objective To understand the basic implication of health belief mode and investigate the causes of the reproductive health problems in university students and work out the coping strategy. Methods Based on the health belief mode, the interior causes of the reproductive health problems in university students and the influential factors were analyzed in the aspects of reproduc- tive health belief and the factors promoting and restricting their healthy behaviors for the purpose of putting forward corresponding coping strategy. Results The susceptibility of university student＇s reproductive system was vulnerable to diseases. They were short of the reproductive health knowledge and information and could even unable to evaluate the benefits and the obstacles. The efficacy of expected value was lower, for they lacked of self-efficacy and efficacy-enhancing ability. The changes in the behaviors associated with their reproductive health were related to the facilitative factors in critical events and they were affected and restricted by individual, social and environmental factors. Conclusion The health belief mode provides not only a theoretical frame for probing into the causes of the reproductive health problems in university students, but also an instruction for working out the strategy for reproduction health education, e.g. （1） evaluating their reproductive health belief and then conducting reproductive health education based on the evaluation; （2） intensifying their self-education to increase their self-efficacy; （3） integral coordination to promote their reproductive health education.

关 键 词：健康信念模式 大学生 生殖健康 护理 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]