三醋酸甘油酯绿色合成工艺  

Green synthesizing technology of glycerol triacetate

作　　者：胡建[1] 马文展[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,绿色化工过程省部共建教育部重点实验室,湖北省新型反应器与绿色化学工艺重点实验室,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《应用化工》2008年第7期787-789,793,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

摘　　要：用甘油与醋酸、醋酐或醋酸与醋酐混合物作反应物，以五水四氯化锡（SnCl4·5H2O）和磷钨酸（H3O40-PW12·xH2O）作催化剂，合成三醋酸甘油酯。研究了不同工艺条件对反应产率的影响。结果证明，用醋酐或醋酐加醋酸混合物优于仅用醋酸，适宜的物料比为：甘油：醋酸：醋酐=1：2：1（摩尔比）。用SnCl4·5H2O催化，优于杂多酸。以甲苯作带水剂适宜的反应温度为105—120℃，脱溶温度为120—140℃，产率达85％-90%。反应与精馏单釜完成。工艺简单，污染少。Glycerol triacetate was synthesized with mixture of glycerol, acetic acid and acetic anhydride or acetic acid and acetic anhydride as reacting materials by SnCl4 · 5H2O or H3O40PW12· xH2O catalysis. The influences of different technological conditions on the yield of products were studied. The results showed that mixture of acetic acid and acitic anhydride surpasses only using acetic acid. The suitable mixture ratio is glycerol： acetic： acetic anhydride = 1 ： 2 ： 1 （ mole ratio）. Catalysis with SnCl4 · 5H2O is better than phosphyotungsitic acid. With toluene as water carrying agent at the 105 - 120 ℃ ,desolution and dehydration temperature is 120 - 140 ℃, the production rate reaches 85% - 90%. The reaction and fine distillation can be completed in the single reactor. It has simple craft and low pollution.

关 键 词：三醋酸甘油酯 合成 工艺 催化 

分 类 号：TQ225.24[化学工程—有机化工]