铬砷及其交互作用对黑麦生理的影响  

Influences of Cr and As and their interaction on physiological parameters of rye

作　　者：易秀[1] 辛玉玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2008年第4期65-69,87,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2002BA901A43);陕西省自然基金项目(2006D16);长安大学科技发展基金项目(04Z08)

摘　　要：通过测定黑麦叶片叶绿素和浸出液电导率来揭示铬(Cr)、砷(As)及其交互作用对植物生长的影响及生态效应机理。结果表明:(1)As处理浓度小于70 mg/kg时,随着As浓度的增大黑麦叶片叶绿素含量增加,但随着As浓度的增大对叶绿素合成的刺激作用逐渐减弱;随着As浓度的增大,叶片浸出液电导率增高。(2)Cr处理浓度小于100 mg/kg时,对黑麦有很强的毒害作用,导致叶片浸出液电导率增高;但叶绿素a+b较对照有增大趋势。(3)交互处理中,Cr的加入会抑制低浓度As(小于10 mg/kg)对叶绿素a+b合成的刺激作用,但随着As浓度的增大,Cr的抑制作用消失;As的加入加强了Cr对叶绿素a+b合成的刺激作用。交互作用中As比Cr对黑麦叶绿素含量的影响大。(4)Cr的加入会使叶片浸出液相对电导率增加;低浓度As(小于30 mg/kg)抑制了Cr的毒害作用,使得浸出液相对电导率值降低,但随着As浓度的增加(大于30 mg/kg),叶片浸出液电导率增大。Pot experiments in which Cr and As have been selected are done to study the effects of Cr and As and their interaction on the growth of rye and to show the combined pollution and ecological effects by determining chlorophyll and conductance of rye leaves.The results show as follows：（1） When concentration of As is less than 70 mg/kg,the growth of rye is stimulated and the chlorophyll content is increased.The stimulated effects are lowering with the increase of As concentration.The lower concentration of As（less than 10 mg/kg）will not destroy the cell membrane and the protoplasm structure of leaves.The destruction effect occurs with the increase of As concentration（10～70 mg/kg）,and then plasma membrane permeability is increased and conductance of leaves lixivium is heightened.（2） When the concentration of Cr is less than 100 mg/kg,the rye will be damaged heavily and conductance of leaves lixivium will be increased.In the other hand, lower concentration of Cr can stimulate the photosynthesis and the synthesis of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.（3） As for the interaction treatment,the add of Cr will restrain stimulated effects of lower concentration As（less than 10 mg/kg）on synthesis of chlorophyll a and b.The synthesis of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b is intensified with the increase of As concentration（10～70 mg/kg）.The add of higher concentration As（more than 10 mg/kg）will enhance photosynthesis of rye leaves.As for interaction of Cr and As on the content of chlorophyll,the effects of As are stronger than Cr.（4） The add of Cr will cause the increase of cell membrane permeability and relative conductance of leaves lixivium.The add of lower concentration As（less than 30 mg/kg） will result in the decrease of relative conductance of leaves lixivium,but the damage degree of leaves is deepening with the increase of As concentration（more than 30 mg/kg）.

关 键 词：铬砷 黑麦 交互作用 生理指标 

分 类 号：S512.5[农业科学—作物学]