利用水稻重组自交系的表型差异来探讨高产极端单株产量形成机制  

To Explore the Yield Mechanism of Extreme Lines of High Yield Using Phenotypic Differences in Rice RILs

作　　者：张玉山[1] 吴薇[1] 汪剑波[2] 徐才国[2] 

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学中山学院,中山528402 [2]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2008年第3期354-357,共4页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1998010200);电子科技大学中山学院博士启动基金项目资助

摘　　要：为了从源库流关系的角度探讨水稻高产极端单株产量形成的原因,使用一粒传方法构建了由HR5和珍汕97衍生的重组自交系群体(n=190),2个亲本在抽穗期、株高和每穗颖花数等农艺性状上具有显著差异。利用该群体对14个重要农艺性状进行了相关分析,同时对重组自交系中高产极端单株和低产极端单株的14个重要农艺性状进行了比较分析。结果表明,抽穗期、株高和剑叶长与大多数产量构成因子呈显著正相关。高产极端单株更长的抽穗期,可以在抽穗前积累更多的干物质,较高的株高不仅可以增加剑叶长度,而且使得茎下节间较长,叶片相互间不遮荫,叶层配置更趋合理;较大的剑叶长和剑叶宽使之具有更强大的源进行光合作用;更多的每穗颖花数和较长的穗长及较高的结实率表明高产极端单株具有更大的库容量;高产极端单株高产的直接原因是具有更大的库容量(每穗颖花数)和较高的结实率,根本原因是高产极端单株具有更强大的源器官。in order to explore the reasons of yield formation of extreme lines of high yield from the point of view of source and sink, recombinant inbred lines （RILs） population （n =190） was constructed by single-seed descendent from a cross between Zhenshan 97 and HRS, which have significant differences in heading date, plant height and spikelets per panicle etc. Correlation analysis was proceeded against 14 agronomic traits importance of RILs. 14 agronomic traits importance were compared between extreme plants of high yield （EPHY） and extreme plants of low yield （EPLY） in RILs. And the results showed that heading date, plant height and flag leaf length were significantly correlated with most of yield-associated components. The longer heading date of EPHY could accumulate more carbohydrate substance and increase the length of flag leaf. The taller height of EPHY could not only make the flag leaf longer, but also make the leaves between the internodes deploy more rational each other. The larger length and width of flag leaf made EPHY have powerful source organ for photosynthesis. The more numbers of SPP,the longer panicle length and the higher SSR indicated that EPHY had larger sink size. The direct reason of higher yield of EPHY was that EPHY had larger spikelets per panicle and higher SSR than that of EPLY. The ultimate reason of higher yield of EPHY was that EPHY had more powerful source than that of EPLY.

关 键 词：水稻 重组自交系 高产极端单株 低产极端单株 产量 相关系数 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]