暴雨条件下沙棘林减水减沙效益研究  

Study on Sediment and Runoff Reduction Efficiency by Shaji shrub in Rainstorm

作　　者：郭百平 王子科 阎晋民[2] 元月贵[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西省水土保持研究所,山西离石033001 [2]山西省水利厅,太原030002

出　　处：《人民黄河》1997年第2期26-28,56,共4页Yellow River

摘　　要：造成黄土高原水土流失的降雨主要是短历时暴雨。根据这一特点，利用人工模拟降雨方法研究了短历时暴雨条件下沙棘林的减水减沙效益，以及不同郁闷度对产流产沙过程的影响。结果表明，沙棘林郁闭度越高，减水减沙效益越好。在设计暴雨条件下，荒坡径流量、侵蚀量分别高达39860m3／km2、736．64t／km2，而郁闭度0．7的沙棘林径流量、侵蚀量分别为4790m3／km2、8．37t／km2，比荒坡分别减少87．98％和98．86％。沙棘林的有效郁闭度确定为0．5。The rainfall for causing soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau is mainly the storm with short duration. According to the feature mentioned above, the sediment and runoff loss reduction efficiency by Shaji shrub in short duration storms and the influence of different cover degree on runoff production and sediment delivery process are studied by using artificial rainfall simulation method. The output demonstrates that the higher the Shaji shrub cover degree is, the better the runoff and sediment reduction efficiency will be. Under the designed storms, there are 39860m3/km2 of runoff yield and 736. 64t/km2 of sediment erosion respectively in wasteslope, however, the runoff yield and sediment erosion are 4790m3/km2 and 8. 37m3/km2 and 98. 86 % respectively in the slope with Shaji shrub cover degree of 0. 7 which are 87. 98 % and 98. 86 % reduction of that in wasteslope. The effective cover rate for Shaji shrub is decided as 0. 5.

关 键 词：暴雨 减水 减沙 沙棘林 水土流失 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]