微生物转化淀粉废水制备生物灭蚊剂  

Bioconversion of starch processing wastewater to mosquito biolarvicides by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus

作　　者：雷发懋[1,2] 卢娜[3,4] 王跃强[3] 周顺桂[3,4] 王颖[5] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学化学与材料科学学院 [2]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所//广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东广州510650 [3]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所//广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室 [4]北京大学环境工程系//教育部水沙科学重点实验室,北京100871 [5]黑龙江大学水利电力学院

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第3期931-935,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(5006694);广东省科技攻关项目(2005B10401008);教育部广东省产学研结合项目(2006D90704001);广东省科学院优秀青年科技人才基金项目(院人基地00604)

摘　　要：采用摇瓶发酵试验探讨了淀粉废水为原料制备微生物灭蚊剂的可行性。结果表明,无需任何预处理工序,淀粉废水可作为微生物灭蚊菌株(Bacillusthuringiensissubsp.israelensis187菌株和Bacillussphaericus2362菌株)的优良发酵培养基。Bti187和Bs2362菌株能在淀粉废水(含固率2.5%)为唯一原料的培养基中正常生长发育,并且产孢产毒。Bti187和Bs2362在淀粉废水发酵42h,活菌数分别可达7.5×108、4.5×108CFU·mL-1;抗热性芽孢数分别可达5.1×108、2.7×108CFU·mL-1,均显著高于常规LB培养基。与LB培养基相比,淀粉废水培养基有利于提高芽孢产率、缩短发酵周期。毒力测定表明,淀粉废水培养42h的Bti发酵液对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的LC50分别为0.78、0.87μg·mL-1,淀粉废水培养42h的Bs发酵液对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊的LC50分别为0.70、16.06μg·mL-1,淀粉废水明显有利于Bti187与Bs2362菌株的产毒。本研究不仅为淀粉废水提供了高附加值的处置新途径,而且可显著降低生物灭蚊剂的生产成本,具有广阔的应用前景。The suitability of using starch processing wastewater （SPW） as a novel medium for the production of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp, israelensis （Bti） and Bacillus sphaericus （Bs） was studied at the shake flasks level. Results indicated that the nutrients contained in SPW were sufficient for growth, sporulation and protoxin production of Bti and Bs. SPW at 25 g·L^-1 solids content can produce higher viable cell count and spore count （5.1×10^8 CFU-mL^-1 for Bti, 2.7×10^8 CFU·mL^-1 for Bs） compared with commercial LB medium. The morphological observations revealed that the fermentation cycle of Bti and Bs could be shortened in this new medium. The levels of larvicidal activity against the larvae of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus exhibited by SPW-grown Bti and Bs were significantly higher than those where the bacteria were cultured in the LB medium. This process provides solutions for safe SPW disposal and production of high-potency and low-cost mosquito biolarvicides.

关 键 词：淀粉废水 微生物灭蚊剂 苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种 球形芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]