高原粳稻在不同海拔条件下品质特性分析  

Analysis of grain qualities in Japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) under different altitudes in highland region

作　　者：苏振喜[1] 廖新华[1] 赵国珍[1] 世荣[1] 朱振华[1] 蒋聪[1] 邹茜[1] 戴陆园[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农科院粳稻育种中心,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第3期1157-1162,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：云南省"十一五"科技攻关项目(2006NG04)

摘　　要：高原粳稻育种基本上以海拔高度开展育种研究,为了明确海拔变化对稻米品质的影响,选用7个不同的品种(OrizasativaL.)分别种植在6个不同海拔生态条件下,研究了在不同海拔条件下的稻米品质性状的变化规律。利用方差分析法对品质性状在不同海拔间的变异进行差异显著性分析,并对品质性状在海拔间的变异系数进行聚类和主成分综合分析评价。研究结果表明,海拔梯度变化对胶稠度、蛋白质、垩白率等影响较大;其次是整精米率;糙米率、粒长、精米率对海拔变化较迟钝,受海拔影响较小,主要受遗传因子的制约;直链淀粉含量在海拔间差异不显著,主要来自于品种间的差异,性状表现主要受品种遗传因子的制约,受环境影响小;高原立体气候条件下,品种须注意海拔种植范围。Altitude is one of the most important factors affecting Japanic rice breeding and production in highland region. In this paper 7 Japanic rice varieties （Oryza sativa L.） were planted in 6 different altitude locations in Yunnan Province to study the influence of elevations on rice grain quality, and the ANOVA, Cluster and PCA analysis methods were conducted to evaluate the genetic by environment interaction on rice quality components. The results showed that Gel consistency and chalkness rate were greatly in- fluenced by altitudes; head milled rice rate was less. While Brown rice rate and milled rice rate as well as grain length were not affected by altitudes, indicated these quality components were controlled by genetics and without G×E interaction. Amylose content had less variance among altitudes, but there were significant difference among varieties, means the genotype was the main factor. The results suggest that Under plateau climate, Japanic varieties should be displayed according to their own adaptive area to gain high yield and quality.

关 键 词：粳稻 海拔 稻料品质 特性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]