氮磷钾肥配施对腰果植株抗寒力的影响  

Effects of NPK fertilizer on cold tolerance to cashew

作　　者：梁李宏[1] 王金辉[1] 黄伟坚[1] 张中润[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第3期1227-1229,共3页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(03EFN214600209);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(PZS012)

摘　　要：2008年3月1日调查海南省昌江县受严重寒害的4龄腰果无性系FL30L9(34)氮磷钾肥配施试验果园,观察受寒害植株的主干树皮和各级分枝树皮保持青绿色或变褐色状。根据植株受寒害程度,分析氮磷钾肥配施对植株抗寒力的影响。测定受寒害植株的株高、冠幅,分析植株受寒害程度与植株大小的相关性。结果表明,氮磷钾肥对腰果植株抗寒力的影响顺序是磷肥>钾肥>氮肥;高氮(N650g·a-1·株-1)、中磷(P2O5200g·a-1·株-1)、中钾(K2O250g·a-1·株-1)的施肥水平,有利于提高植株抗寒力,植株受寒害程度低;植株受寒害程度分别与植株的株高、冠幅呈直线极显著负相关和显著负相关。A survey was made on March 1, 2008 to the four years old cashew clone FL30 orchard which suffered serious cold injury in Changjiang county, Hainan. In this orchard, a NPK fertilization experiment with L9（34） orthogonal design was conducted in Sep- tember 2006, and three different levels of NPK fertilizer was applied to the FL30 orchard. The color of trunk and branch of the cashew plants was observed during the survey to categorize the cold damages to the cashew plants. The height, crown width and girth of the cashew plant were measured, and their correlation with the cold injury was analyzed. The results showed that the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers affecting cashew cold tolerance is in the order of P 〉 K 〉 N. The treatments with high level of nitrogen （N 650 g/tree/year）, medium level of phosphorus （P2O5 200 g/tree/year） and medium level of potassium （K2O 250 g/tree/year） were found to have low cold damages to the cashew plants. The cold damages to the cashew plant were observed to have a linearly highly significantly positive and significantly positive correlation with the crown width and height of the cashew plant.

关 键 词：腰果 寒害 植株抗寒力 氮肥 磷肥 钾肥 

分 类 号：S157.41[农业科学—土壤学]