小麦成熟胚组织培养及遗传转化研究进展  

Progress Outline of Wheat Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation by Using Wheat Mature Embryos As Explants

作　　者：陶丽莉[1] 殷桂香[2] 叶兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物遗传育种重点实验室/国家基因资源与遗传改良重大科学工程,北京100081 [2]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2008年第4期713-718,共6页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2007AA10Z129)

摘　　要：小麦成熟胚转化体系的建立对促进小麦基因工程研究和功能基因组研究具有重要意义。小麦成熟胚具有取材方便、不受季节限制等优点,已成功应用于小麦组织培养及遗传转化研究,可望取代幼胚成为小麦遗传转化的方便受体。本文就目前小麦成熟胚组织培养及遗传转化研究进行了综述,目的是为进一步建立和完善小麦成熟胚再生体系和转化体系提供参考。目前国内外采用较多的小麦成熟胚培养方式主要有完整成熟胚培养、胚乳支撑成熟胚培养、成熟胚刮碎培养和成熟胚切割培养等。对培养基中激素种类、浓度配比的优化也进行了较多研究,并取得了一定结果。利用基因枪轰击法和农杆菌介导法转化小麦成熟胚均成功获得了转基因植株,证明小麦成熟胚及其愈伤组织作为受体进行遗传转化研究具有可行性。Wheat mature embryo has been regarded as a high potential explants for plant regeneration and genetic transformation because of some distinguish advantages such as easy collection all the year round, consistent physiological status and economic experiment process. In the last ten years a great success has been achieved on the tissue culture and transformation of wheat by using mature embryos worldwide. To get good regeneration system, the mature embryos are tested to be cultured by several ways including whole embryo culture, endosperm-supported embryo culture, thin embryo fragments culture, and cutting embryo culture treatments. The effects of concentrations and combinations of various growth regulators on callus induction and plant regeneration have also been studied, and some available results obtained. Using the mature embryos as target tissues, transgenic plants have been reported mediated with Agrobacterium technique and biolistic particle approach, proving the bright possibility of the explants employed in wheat transformation. We summarized here the progress of wheat mature embryo culture and transformation to provide reference for the optimization of the both systems. Efficient systems of the wheat mature embryo culture and transformation will remarkably promote wheat genetic engineering improvement and functional genomics study.

关 键 词：小麦 成熟胚 组织培养 遗传转化 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S336