东平水道上段30年来河道演变研究  

An Analysis of the Changes of Upper Reaches of the Dongping Channel During the Past 30 Years

作　　者：谭超[1] 杨清书[1] 刘秋海[2] 韩志远[1] 胡德礼[2] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学河口海岸研究所,广州510275 [2]中山大学近岸海洋研究中心,广州510275

出　　处：《热带地理》2008年第4期311-316,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：973项目"长时间尺度河口近岸环境演变及其河口过程的响应"资助课题(2002CB412407)

摘　　要：利用地理信息系统(GIS)与数字高程模型(DEM)技术,定量分析了30年来东平水道上段河道演变过程,结果表明:河道总体有冲刷的趋势,其中1977–1990年冲刷量为660×104m3,平均冲刷速率为50×104m3/a;1990–1999年冲刷量为0.25×108m3,平均冲刷速率为270×104m3/a;20世纪90年代变化强度大于80年代。东平水道上段河床下切幅度不一,沿程下切幅度先增大后减小再增大;深泓线在河口到三水区段从河道右岸向左岸偏转,从三水区到紫洞段,深泓线位置较为稳定。河床地形的剧烈变化引起了河道水动力的变化,如水位大幅下降,水位流量曲线变化,思贤滘分流比变化等?蠊婺N扌蛲谏澈秃降勒问且鸲剿郎隙魏拥姥荼涞闹饕颉?By the technologies of digital elevation model （DEM） and GIS, the upper reaches evolution of the Dongping channel in recent 30 years is rationally simulated and quantitatively analyzed. The results are as follows The upper reaches of the Dongping channel had erosion trend from 1977 to 1999; In 1997-1990 the total erosion volume was 6.6×10^6m^3, and the average speed of erosion was 0.5×10^6m^3/a; In 1990-1999 the total erosion volume was 25 ×10^6m^3, and the average speed of erosion was 2.7×10^6m^3/a. The change intensity in the 1990s was higher than that in the 1980s. For the past 30 years, the upside riverbed of Dongping channel has been cut in varying degrees. Along the riverbed, the down-cutting range got increase at the beginning, then decrease and then increase again. The talweg between Hekou and Sanshui district got deflexion from the right bank to the left bank. Between Sanshui district and Zidong, the position of talweg was relatively stable. Great changes of the riverbed topography made impact on hydrodynamic characteristics： water level declined and the distribution of discharge changed greatly. Large scale human activities are the main reasons of the river-bed evolution, including out-of-order sand excavation and engineering of downstream for renovating the waterway.

关 键 词：东平水道上段 数字高程模型(DEM) 河道演变 河道采沙 航道整治 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]