全球气候变暖对西沙、南沙海域珊瑚生长的潜在威胁  被引量:6

The Potential Threats of Global Warming on Corals Living in the Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands

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作  者:时小军[1,2] 刘元兵[3] 陈特固[1] 余克服[1] 

机构地区:[1]中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国人民解放军91431部队,广东湛江524005

出  处:《热带地理》2008年第4期342-345,368,共5页Tropical Geography

基  金:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(kzcx2-yw-318);国家科技计划课题(2006BAB19B03);ARC课题(DP0773081)

摘  要:利用近50年来西沙、南沙海域SST及全球温度资料,分析西沙、南沙海域SST的长期变化趋势及其与全球温度变化的关系,结果得出,西沙、南沙海域年均SST的增温率分别为(0.0214-0.004)℃/a(1961—2007年)和(0.016±0.002)℃/a(1950—2007年),均高于全球温度的增温率[(0.012±0.001)℃/a,1950—2007年];西沙最热月6月份SST增温率高达(0.026±0.004)℃/a(1961—2007年),南沙最热月5月份SST增温率也达(0.011±0.003)℃/a(1950—2007年);并且西沙、南沙海域SST与全球温度存在显著的正相关性,意味着它们之间复杂的关系。预计到2030年西沙6月份SST将达30.6~31.3℃,南沙5月份SST将达30.3-30.8℃;到2050年西沙6月份SST将达31.0~32.3℃,南沙5月份SST将达30.6-31.4℃。依据珊瑚白化的温度上限(31℃),推测2030后,西沙、南沙海域将很有可能频繁地发生珊瑚白化现象,这对珊瑚生长极为不利。虽然珊瑚可能会调整自身以适应全球变暖,但采取一定的人为干预措施加以保护更为重要。By using the data of sea surface temperature (SST) around the Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands and global temperature during the last 50 years, the long term trends of SST and the relationship among those trends are analyzed. The conclusions are: (1) the raise rates of annual mean SST around Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands are (0.021±0.004) ℃/a (1961-2007) and (0.016±0.002) ℃/a (1950-2007), respectively, both higher than that of global temperature(0.012±0.001) ℃/a (1950-2007); (2) the raise rates of mean SST in June around Xisha Islands and mean SST in May around Nansha Islands are (0.022±0.003) ℃/a (1961-2007) and (0.019±0.003) ℃ /a (1950-2007), respectively; (3) there is a significant positive correlation between SST series around Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands and global temperature, indicating their complicated relationship. According to their correlationship and the raise amplitudes of global temperature projected by IPCC, the mean SST in June around Xisha Islands and mean SST in May around Nansha Islands are predicted to be 30.6-31.3 ℃ and 30.3-30.8 ℃ respectively in 2030, and to be 31.0-32.3 ℃ and 30.6-31.4 ℃ respectively in 2050. By the upper limit (31 ℃) of coral bleaching, it is inferred that coral bleaching will frequently happen around Xisha Islands and Nansha Islands after 2030, that would be fatally harmful to corals growth. Although corals would evolve to adapt themselves to global warming, it would be essential for human to adopt some intervention to protect them.

关 键 词:全球气候变暖 SST 珊瑚 西沙 南沙群岛 

分 类 号:Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学] P467[生物学—普通生物学]

 

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