135°E以西西北太平洋热带气旋迅速加强的气候特征  

CLIMATE CHARACTERISICS OF RAPIDLY INTENSIFYING TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE NORTHWEST PACIFIC OCEAN WEST OF 135°E

作　　者：阎俊岳[1] 张秀芝[1] 李江龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心

出　　处：《热带气象学报》1997年第4期297-305,共9页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金："八五"国家科技攻关课题

摘　　要：１３５°Ｅ以西迅速加强的西北太平洋热带气旋（２４小时中心最大风速增大２０ｍ／ｓ以上），几乎全部经过我国邻近海域，其中７１％在我国登陆，对我国渔业生产和沿海经济建设造成较大的危害。这类热带气旋（ＴＣ）的迅速加强阶段多出现在吕宋岛东面及东北海域，初始风速１０－２０ｍ／ｓ居多，迅速加强后均达到台风强度。热带气旋迅速加强现象的发生，除了较高的水温场外，还与低层副热带高压加强、西南季风潮爆发、适度冷空气侵入、高空ＴＵＴＴ影响等外界条件有关。上述因素促进了热带气旋低层流入和眼壁区深对流的急剧发展。数字化卫星云图计算再次证明，热带气旋迅速加强前内核区深对流强度急剧增大，外区深对流保持稳定或缓慢地增大；非迅速加强的热带气旋，内核区和外区深对流稳定或有所下降。眼壁区深对流的加强及对流层上层眼区急剧增暧，是热带气旋迅速加强的前兆。Tropical cyclones which rapidly intensify (ΔV≥20m/s in 24th) in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of 135°E could have adverse influence on oceanic and coastal economic activities in China,71% of which landing in China. Rapid intensification are mostly seen east and northeast of Luzon Island.It was much correlated with sea surface temperature(≥28℃) and upper air conditions,such as enhanced subtropical high, onset of Southwest monsoon surge,insertion of modest cold air,and Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) et al.Above mentioned processes enhance inflows in the low level and deep convection in the upper level.Statistics of satellite pixels have also shown that rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones are marked by a sharp increase in the inner core convection and stable or slowly increasing deep convection in outer region.Non-rapidly intensifying tropical cyclones have only constant or decreased deep convection in inner core and outer level.The sharp increasing of deep convection in the inner core is a forewarning of rapid intensification of tropical cyclones.

关 键 词：太平洋 热带气旋 气候特征 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]