威海湾南部水文和地质特征初步分析  

A Preliminary Study on Hydrological and Geological Characteristics of the South of Weihai Bay

作　　者：杨玉玲[1] 吴永成[1] 高明德 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所

出　　处：《黄渤海海洋》1997年第4期43-48,共6页Journal of Oceanography of Huanghai & Bohai Seas

摘　　要：本文根据两次在水雷营、牛鼻嘴、船坞进行３昼夜的潮汐和海流观测，及在水雷营岸北进行了１ａ的波浪监测和对威海湾南部近岸水域水深、地质调查资料的分析研究，结果如下：１．威海湾内外的潮汐类型属不规则半日潮，潮差平均为１．３５ｍ，潮流流速偏小，最大流速在牛鼻嘴附近海域为３７ｃｍ／ｓ（流向９４°），水雷营附近海域为１８ｃｍ／ｓ（流向７８°），船坞附近海域为１０ｃｍ／ｓ（流向２１０°）。２．牛鼻嘴、水雷营和杨家湾３处附近海域５０ａ一遇Ｈ１／１０波高分别为４．６ｍ，４．３ｍ和３．９ｍ，对应的周期均为Ｔ＝８．６ｓ。３．威海湾南部海底地形虽然坡度较陡，但变化趋势较平稳，近岸水域具有岩石浅滩，并有明暗礁石分布。基岩高度起伏比较大，最大相差３０ｍ左右。４．没有外部固定输沙源，局部海岸侵蚀后退系古老片麻岩，经风化侵蚀下来的物质其量甚微，对未来海港及航道不会构成大的威胁。? Based on analysis and studies on 3 successive week days′ tidal and sea current observations conducted twice at Shui.lei.ying, Niu.bi.zui and the dock, one year′s wave monitoring data collected north of Shui.lei.ying as well as the bathymetric and geological survey data for the offshore waters of the north of Weihai Bay, this paper presents the following results:1. The tide inside and outside Weihai Bay is of the irregular semidiurnal tide with a mean tidal range of 1.35 m. The tidal speed was small with a maximum speed of 37 cm/s (current direction 94°)in the adjacent waters of Niu.bi.zui and that of 18 cm/s (current direction 78°)in the waters adjacent to Shui.lei.ying, and that of 10 cm/s (current direction 210°) in the waters nearby the dock.2. The H1/10 tide height happening once in 50 years in the waters adjacent to Niu.bi.zui, Shui.lei.ying and Yang.jia.wan were, respectively, 4.6 m, 4.3 m and 3.9 m, each with a corresponding period T=8.6 s.3. Although the slope of the seafoor relief of the south of Weihai Bay is relatively steep, yet the changing tendency is fairly gentle and steady. In the offshore waters there are rocky shoals where clearly visible and submerged reefs were distributed. The rise and fall of the height of base rocks is relatively great, with a maximum difference of about 30 m. 4. There was no external fixed source of sand transport, the regional coast after erosion became exposed to be urgneiss. The eroded material after weathering was very small in quantity and would not constitute a big threat to seaports and channels in future.

关 键 词：威海湾 水文特征 地质特征 潮汐 海流 

分 类 号：P731.1[天文地球—海洋科学] P736.1