公路建设期路域生态区植物种群空间分布格局--以宝(鸡)天(水)高速公路为例  

Research on plant populations' spatial distribution pattern in the periods of highway-construction on the road-ecology region:take Baoji-Tianshui Highway for example

作　　者：巨天珍[1] 石垚[2] 安黎哲[3] 徐世键[3] 张宋智 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000 [4]甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所,天水741022

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第7期3365-3374,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家西部交通建设科技资助项目(2004-318-000-57)~~

摘　　要：分析了宝（鸡）天（水）高速公路建设地区植被生态环境特点,结合道路工程建设标段划分和小陇山各林场分布现状,对沿线路域生态系统进行了三级分区：其中一级路域生态区分别是麦积林场路域生态区、党川林场路域生态区、百花林场路域生态区和东岔林场路域生态区。最后,选择花石山1#隧道路域生态带（段）作为本次研究的典型案例区,通过对该路域生态带（段）内的植物群落进行细致调查,并应用种群数量统计分析、扩展最近邻体分析和点格局分析3种方法,选择该路域生态带自然植被类型的地带性种群锐齿栎（Quercus aliena. var）、非地带性种群华山松（Pinus armandii）、白桦（Betula platyphylla）和人工群落的建群种种群日本落叶松（Larixkaempferi）进行了分布格局的对比研究。结果表明：路域生态区内各主要种群的空间分布格局具有一定的尺度变异性,如地带性种群锐齿栎（Quercus aliena. var）在0～10m尺度上表现为随机分布、10～20m尺度上表现为聚集分布、大于20m尺度上表现为均匀分布,等。通过路域生态区内的植物种群空间分布格局研究,也对公路施工后的植物生态修复和绿地景观设计提供一定思路,为路域环境监测提供了生物因子方面的对比资料,最终为更合理的保护路域生态环境提供科学基础。This paper analyzed the ecosystem characteristics of the region which Baoiji-Tianshui highway bypassed,combining data on the road construction project bid with knowledge on the situation of each forestry centre distribution in Xiaolongshan.The first grade road-ecosystem region was divided into four parts：Maiji forestry centre ecology region,Dangchuan forestry centre ecology region,Baihua forestry centre ecology region,and Dongcha forestry centre ecology region.In the end,the Dangchuan forestry centre ecology region,which is passed by the Huashishan 1# tunnel,was chosen as the mainl region of this research.For this region,the plant community was investigated and the methods of ＂Quantity Statistics Analysis＂,＂Extended Nearest Neighbor Analysis＂（ENNA）,and ＂Point Pattern Analysis＂ were applied.Furthermore,dominant species were selected and their spatial distribution pattern of the natural and manual（Larix kaempferi）,zonal（Quercus aliena var）and non-zonal（Pinus armandii,Betula platyphylla）vegetation population type were examined.It is concluded that members of different plant communities in different scales have different spatial distribution patterns.For example,Quercus alienavar mainly showed random distribution in the 0-10m-scale performance,aggregated distribution in the 10-20m-scale performance,and uniform distribution in the 20m above-scale performance.In addition,the study will provide information on biological monitoring factors that can be used in comparative studies after the completion of the highway construction,as well as some methods for plant ecological remediation and vegetation landscape designing.It is the author＇s belief that the scientific basis provided in this study can give valuable insights into finding more reasonable ways to protect the road-environment.

关 键 词：路域生态区 植物种群空间分布格局 种群数量统计分析 种群扩展最近邻体分析 种群点格局分析 宝(鸡)天(水)高速公路 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]