飞行员人格特征、心理健康状况与听觉P_(300)  

Study of personality characters,psychological health state and auditory P 300 on pilots

作　　者：陈文明[1] 王文蛟[1] 方昭庚[1] 戚富同 

机构地区：[1]解放军第458医院神经内科

出　　处：《临床脑电学杂志》1997年第4期226-228,共3页

摘　　要：目的研究飞行员及神经衰弱患者人格特征、心理健康状况及事件相关电位特点，为飞行员的选拔、心理保健、神经衰弱的预防提供依据。方法运用１６ＰＦ及ＭＭＰＩ测试量表进行个性及心理健康状态测试，用诱发电位仪描记听觉事件相关电位。结果飞行员个性因素中聪慧性（Ｂ）、恃强性（Ｅ）、兴奋性（Ｆ）、敢为性（Ｈ）均显著高于普通人；飞行员癔病（Ｈｓ）、疑病（Ｈｙ）分增高；神经衰弱患者人群的个性特征中稳定性（Ｃ）、自律性（Ｑ１）、有恒性（Ｇ）三种个性特征的分数低于常模，而忧虑性（Ｏ）、紧张性（Ｑ４）分数高于常模。与普通人比较，飞行员的Ｐ３（Ｐ３００）波幅最高，潜伏期最短，神经衰弱者则相反。结论神经衰弱者大脑皮质功能受抑制，其发生个性基础；可将人格及事件相关电位测试列为飞行员选拔及神经衰弱诊断的辅助依据，优先选拔个性特征好、Ｐ３波幅高而潜伏期短者；飞行员有心理调适障碍的倾向，应引起重视。Objectives To provide an advanced way for the selecting,psychological health care and the prevention of neurasthenia of pilots. Methods Personality factors,psychological health state and auditory P 300 were tested on pilots,neurastheniacs and controls using 16PF,MMPI and evoked potential machine.Results It was found that degree of the factors of B,E,F,H of pilots' personality were much higher than those of controls,the degree of the factors of Q1,G were much lower and those of 0,Q4 were much higher in neurastheniacs than those of controls ( P <0.05).The P 3 amplitude of polits were the highest and that of neurastheniacs were the lowest while the latency of P 3 is just opposite( P <0.05).Conclusions It suggested that pilots have better personality and cerebral cortex function .the better personality,higher P 3 amplitude and shorter P 3 latency should be a basis for the selection of pilots.It also suggested that attention should be paid to the fact that pilots have the tendency of psychological disorder.

关 键 词：飞行人员 事件相关电位 人格特征 心理健康状况 

分 类 号：R853[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]