沙地土壤蒸发能力的气象影响因子辨析及沙地土壤蒸发量特点分析  

A Study of Meteorological Impact Factors for Sand Evaporation Based on Principal Component Analysis

作　　者：王冠丽[1] 刘廷玺[1] 孙铁军 杨颖[1] 陈文婧[1] 徐晓民[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古水利水电勘测设计院,呼和浩特010022 [3]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2008年第7期1-4,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50669002,50569001);国家科技部重大基础研究前期研究专项基金项目(2005CCA05200);新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET50274);内蒙古重点科技攻关项目(20040702)

摘　　要：选定影响土壤蒸发能力的17项气象影响因子并进行不同尺度的观测,获得日实测数据,同时将日序数也列入分析范围。运用主成分分析法分析与沙地土壤蒸发能力有关的18个气象因子的主成分,给出了一种应用于水文上的信息浓缩及指标简化的研究方法;同时利用实测数据分析了沙地土壤蒸发的特点。结果表明:①埋深距地面0.05 m、0.15 m地温、高距地面为3.5 m气温、埋深距地面0.20 m地温及高距地面为2.0 m气温,这5个系列与土壤蒸发量的相关性最不显著,因此首先将其舍弃;②从单个影响因子来看,距地面高2.0 m处的风速和湿度对土壤蒸发能力的影响最为显著,他们的因子载荷量均达到了0.94,而Φ20 cm型水面蒸发的载荷量相对最小,载荷量为80%;③与草甸子地的日土壤蒸发相比沙地的日土壤蒸发量均较大,这可能是由于沙地的日温度极值差较草甸子地大的缘故。We selected meteorological impact factors of soil evaporation capacity and made 17 of measured data of the impact factors, the ordinal number included in the analysis. Using principal component analysis to analyze the 18 factors series of PCA that have relations with sandy soil evaporation capacity ,we applied a research method of condensed information. The results show that： （1）The principal of component analysis made the original variables reduce to the small number of several new variables with representatives of significance, reflects the research object features more focused and more typically;（2）The sandy soil evaporation capacity factors were divided into three categories： temperature factors, humidity factors,wind speed factors,（3）The impact of wind speed and humidity 2.0 m above the ground are most significant to soil evaporation capacity, in both its load factor 0. 94, while the load factor of 20 evaporation is relatively minimal, the outcome is up to 80%.

关 键 词：主成分分析法 沙地土壤蒸发能力 气象影响因子 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]