入侵植物春一年蓬对不同环境的生理适应性研究  

Physiological adaptation of invasive plant Erigeron philadelphicus to different environments

作　　者：胡天印[1] 王勇[2] 印丽萍[3] 郭水良[2] 

机构地区：[1]金华职业技术学院师范学院,浙江金华321007 [2]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234 [3]上海出入境检验检疫局,上海200331

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2008年第4期395-400,共6页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：上海市科学技术标准专项外来入侵植物控制技术标准的研究"资助项目(07DZ05020);国家质检总局科技计划我国外来植物入侵性风险评估体系的建立和实践"资助项目(08-03)

摘　　要：为了解上海市郊一种新外来入侵植物春一年蓬对逆境条件的适应能力,测定不同环境胁迫下营养生长时期春一年蓬的膜相对透性、叶绿素、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖的含量以及过氧化物酶的活力.与5℃和22℃处理相比,35℃处理的春一年蓬植株的丙二醛、游离脯氨酸、叶绿素含量、过氧化物酶活力和膜相对透性高.用pH 7的溶液处理的春一年蓬植株,其体内的膜相对透性、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量低于用pH 10或pH 4的溶液处理的植株.随着其生长环境中NaCl含量的增加或者干旱胁迫,丙二醛、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖的含量以及膜相对透性也相应地增加.而且,膜相对透性和丙二醛含量与土壤NaCl含量呈明显的正相关.总之,①与高温环境(35℃)相比,春一年蓬更适合生长于低温(5℃)环境;②中生或湿生环境适合春一年蓬的生长,过酸(pH 4)或过碱环境(pH 10)均会对春一年蓬产生有害影响;③春一年蓬对土壤中的NaCl较敏感,在高NaCl(>0.05 mol?L-1)环境中其丙二醛、膜相对透性等均升高.Erigeron philadelphicus is a new plant invader in the suburb of Shanghai. In order to understand better its physiological adaptability to different stresses, the relative membrane permeability, the concentrations of malonaldehyde （MDA）, free proline, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll, as well as the activity of peroxidase （POD） of Erigeron philadelphicus were determined under different stresses during its vegetative growth phase. Compared with 5 ℃ and 22 ℃, the concentrations of MDA, free proline and chlorophyll, the activity of POD, and relative membrane permeability of E. philadelphicus were higher at 35 ℃. When treated with the solution of pH 7, its relative membrane permeability, concentrations of MDA, free proline and soluble sugar were lower than those with the solution of pH 10 or pH 4. With the increase of NaCl concentrations in soils, the contents of MDA, free proline and soluble sugar, together with the relative membrane permeability constantly rose. Furthermore, both the relative membrane permeability and the MDA content were distinctly positive correlation with NaCl concentrations in soils. According to the above data, the following conclusions could be drawn： （1） Erigeron philadelphicus grows better at 5 ℃ than at 35 ℃ ; （2） The neutral and moist soils are suitable for its growth, and either excessive acid （pH 4） or excessive alkali （pH 10） is harmful to its growth; （3） Erigeron philadelphicus has somewhat resistance to dry stress, and is sensitive to NaCl in soils, because the physiological indices such as MDA, free proline, and relative membrane permeability increase when it was planted in the soils of high NaCl content （〉0. 05 mol·L^-1 ）.

关 键 词：入侵性 春一年蓬 生理指标 胁迫 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] Q142