蜡样芽孢杆菌JK_(14)对小麦全蚀病的防治及其抑病机理  

Control Efficacy and Antifungal Mechanism of Bacillus cereus Strain JK_(14) against Wheat Take-all Disease

作　　者：韩艳霞[1] 胡斌杰[1] 王宫南[1] 

机构地区：[1]开封大学化学工程学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2008年第18期7674-7675,7766,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究蜡样芽孢杆菌JK14对小麦全蚀病菌的抑制作用及防治效果,探讨该菌的抑病机理。[方法]从小麦根际土壤分离得到蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)JK14拮抗菌株,室内测定其带菌培养液对小麦全蚀病菌(Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici)9826菌株和9812菌株的抑制效果,探讨拮抗菌对小麦全蚀病的作用机理。利用逐步增加浓度的方法获得对利福平和全蚀菌具有抗性的双抗菌株JK1*4,对该菌在小麦体内定殖情况进行了研究。[结果]盆栽试验中,JK14对9826菌株和9812菌株的防治效果为63%和59%,高于化学杀菌剂处理的55%和51%。该菌株可以造成病菌菌丝畸变和菌丝细胞壁瓦解。JK14*在小麦根系中具有一定的消长动态,种子上的JK14*菌可以随种子发芽、生根而扩展至根部,但是单位组织上菌体数量逐渐减少。[结论]室内试验表明,蜡样芽孢杆菌JK14对小麦全蚀病有一定的防治效果。[Objective]Study on control efficacy and inhibitory effect of Bacillus cereus strain JK14 against wheat take-all disease, investigating its antifungal mechanism. [Method] B. cereus JK14 was isolated from soil in the rhizosphere of wheat, inhibitory effects of whose nutrient solution form against Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici strains 9862 and 9812 were measured in laboratory and then for its antifungal mechanism. The strain JK14 with rifampicin and wheat take-all disease resistance was screened by increasing concentration of the two substmtes, and colonization of JK14^＊ was studied. [Result] In pot experiment, the control effects of JK14^＊ against 9862 and 9812 are 63% and 59%, respectively, which are higher than that of chemical fungicides, with 55% and 51%, respectively. JK14^＊ could deform mycelium and causes degradation of cell wall. And there are also dynamic change of JK14^＊ in root system. JK14^＊ on seed could extend to root along with seed germination and rooting, but per unit tissue mycelium number decreased gradually. [Conclusion] The results indicate some control efficacy of B. cereus strain JK14 against wheat take-all disease.

关 键 词：蜡样芽孢杆菌 拮抗作用 防治效果 小麦全蚀病 

分 类 号：S476.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]