浒苔漂流聚集绿潮现象的初步分析  

A Preliminary Study of the Enteromorpha prolifera Drift Gathering Causing the Green Tide Phenomenon

作　　者：梁宗英[1] 林祥志[2] 马牧[2] 张静[1] 闫晓波 刘涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [3]胶州市环境保护局,山东胶州266300

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第4期601-604,共4页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目;青岛市科技项目资助

摘　　要：由石莼科绿藻大量增殖形成的绿潮已成为全球常态发生的生态现象之一。中国近年来也发生的孔石莼、浒苔等大型海藻异常增殖和聚集的现象,与国外报道的发生生物种类、发生基本过程和方式完全不同,可以作为绿潮一类新的模式进行研究和探讨。文中分析和探讨了漂流聚集浒苔绿潮发生的基本现象,浒苔因管状中空藻体内由光合作用产生的气泡增加了其浮力而进行漂浮生活,通过营养生殖的方式不断进行藻体的增殖,在适宜条件下日生长速率高达10%～37%,并在风场、流场以及潮汐的作用下不断聚集形成大规模的连片;漂浮聚集的浒苔会因藻体衰老死亡、光合作用速率下降、海水盐度降低以及水体泥沙等悬浮物附着使其聚集藻体浮力发生改变,而由海面表层沉降在水体表层以下。The green tide formed by the large scale proliferation of Ulvaceae alga has become one of global ecological phenomena. The phenomenon has also occurred in China in recent years. But the biological species and generating process are both different from those reported overseas. So green tides in China can be studied and discussed as a new pattern. This article analyzes and discusses the fundamental phenomenon of green tides formed by Enteromorpha prolifera＇s drift and assembly. Enteromorpha prolifera carries out a floating lifestyle. Because they have tube-shaped hollow fronds and can form bladders by photosynthesis, enteromorpha prolifera can replicate their fronds by the way of vegetative growth. Daily growth rate can reach to 10 %- 37% under proper conditions. And Enteromorpha prolifera can be in large stretches caused by wind, currents and tides; the floating and assembling Enteromorpha prolifera can change their buoyancy of frond due to caducity and deauh of fronds, decline of photosynthesis, reduction of salinity and attatchment of suppended matter such as water silt, so they can be subsided from the surface layer to lower layers.

关 键 词：绿潮 石莼科 浒苔 生殖 发生 沉降 

分 类 号：Q949.21[生物学—植物学]