一种分布光纤式石油管道防盗监测系统  

A distributed optical fiber monitoring system for anti-stealing of oil pipelines

作　　者：王忠东[1] 王宝辉[2] 闫铁[3] 衣实贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院应用技术学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]大庆石油学院化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [3]大庆石油学院提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《大庆石油学院学报》2008年第4期70-72,84,共4页Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute

基　　金：中国石油天然气总公司中青年创新基金(07E1011);黑龙江省自然科学基金(F200607);黑龙江省博士后基金资助(LBH-Z07262)

摘　　要：为解决石油管道频繁发生的被挖掘、钻孔、盗油问题,提出一种利用分布式光纤传感器对石油管道的安全状况进行实时监测的技术.在石油管道附近铺设一条光缆,利用光纤作为传感器,拾取管道周围的振动信号.当发生人为破坏事件时,所产生的振动、压力等扰动信号导致在光纤中传输的后向瑞利散射光产生明显的损耗特征.在入射端利用光时域反射技术(ODTR,Optical Time Domain Reflectometer)测量瑞利散射光的损耗变化,检测管道受到的扰动破坏和实现扰动点的定位,进而在破坏的初期即可实现报警.实验结果表明系统已达到主要技术指标:光纤长度为5km(可延长),定位偏差小于20m,分辨率为1m,可有效提高石油管道的防盗水平.Aiming at the problem that some oil pipelines were frequently excavated and perforated by some lawless persons for oil-stealing, a real-time monitoring technology for safety of oil pipelines based on the theory of distributed optical fiber sensor is introduced. Optical fiber, laid along the pipeline acting as a sensor, picks up the vibration signals. When there is an accident of factitious destruction or oil-stealing on the pipeline, the destruction will create vibration and pressure and thus the optical attenuation of the backscattered Rayleigh through the optical fiber happens. At last using ODTR(Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) to measure the attenuation of the Rayleigh intensity at the starting point of fiber, the disturbance and breakage of pipeline is detected, and the location where the optical attenuation occurred is located. Thus the system will give an alarm as soon as the oil pipeline is disturbed, The experiment results show the performance of the system as follows: length of single mode fiber:5km(expandable), location error: <20 m, spatial resolution:1m.Therefore the anti-stealing oil level of oil pipelines may be improved effectively.

关 键 词：分布光纤传感器 瑞利散射 ODTR 石油管道 防盗 

分 类 号：TN29[电子电信—物理电子学]