膜生物反应器封闭循环发酵燃料乙醇生产系统的工艺设计及安全分析  

Proces Design and Safety Analysis on Membrane Bioreactor System for Continuous Ethanol Fermentation

作　　者：徐瑶[1] 钟月华[1] 王树乾[1] 肖泽仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学化工学院,成都610065

出　　处：《四川化工》2008年第4期42-47,共6页Sichuan Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(20276041;20776088)

摘　　要：基于最新的试验结果,对该工艺的工业化流程进行了初步设计和分析,将系统分为原料处理、发酵、PDMS膜分离、精馏浓缩、产品贮存和发酵残液处理等6个单元,运用蒙德火灾、爆炸、毒性指数评价法对系统进行了安全分析评价,确定了各个单元的危险等级。分析表明,原料处理和发酵单元危险性属于较缓和等级,应侧重工艺参数控制分析及设备的安全设计;PDMS膜分离、精馏浓缩单元和贮存单元分别属于重和高度灾难性等级,而国内外有关乙醇贮存单元的相关研究已较为成熟,此项研究着重对负压操作的PDMS膜分离和精馏浓缩单元爆炸极限等爆炸参数进行了定量安全分析,并制定了相应的安全措施。最后采用蒸气云爆炸模型贮存单元进行了事故模拟。Both bench and scale-up tests in our lab indicated that the closely-circulating membrane bioreactor system for continuous ethanol fermentation would be a premising technology. Based on the latest experimental results, a preliminary design was carried out on the industrial process of this technology. According to this design, the system were divided into six units, including raw material treatment, fermentor, pervaporation membrane module, rectifying tower, ethanol residual broth treatment and product tanks. The dangerous levels of each unit were determined by the method of MOND Risk Assessment. For raw material unit and fermentor, the analysis and control on the technical parameters and the safety design of equipments should be focused on, because of their dangerous levels of relaxation. However, the levels of pervaporation membrane module, rectifying tower and product tanks were serious and highly disastrous, respectively. However, research on ethanol storage was relatively mature. Then, this study focused on pervaporation membrane module and rectifying tower units, and the quantitative safety analysis on explosive parameters such as explosive limits were carried out. Then, corresponding measures were taken to prevent potential safety hazard. In addition, vapour cloud explosion model was used in order to prevent the probable accidents of fires and explosions.

关 键 词：安全分析和设计 燃料乙醇 PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷) 膜生物反应器 连续发酵 

分 类 号：TQ223.122[化学工程—有机化工] TM623.8[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]