新疆奎屯河流域平原区生态需水研究  

Study on Ecological Water Demand in Kuitun River Basin,Xinjiang

作　　者：母敏霞[1] 王文科[1] 杜东[1] 赵顺阳[1] 杨丽君[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,长安710054

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2008年第3期96-102,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：新疆准噶尔盆地地下水资源及其环境问题专题研究(200310400012)资助

摘　　要：新疆奎屯河流域地处我国西北干旱区,随着人口增加和经济发展,国民经济需水与生态需水已成为流域水资源开发利用和生态环境保护的主要矛盾。因此,为了实现奎屯河流域水资源的可持续利用及国民经济的可持续发展,急需对生态需水进行研究。本文以流域社会经济与生态环境协调发展为目标,分析了奎屯河流域存在的主要生态环境问题,在干旱区生态需水概念与分类的基础上,给出了奎屯河流域生态需水的界定范围。在此前提下,从流域生态环境现状及未来需求出发,采用不同的计算方法,对流域生态需水进行了计算,可为流域水资源优化配置及生态环境建设提供科学的依据。结果表明:奎屯河流域生态需水达5.65×108m3,占流域水资源总量16.98×108m3的33.3%,占径流总量15.41×108m3的36.7%。其中天然绿洲生态需水为2.41×108m3,占生态需水的43%;人工绿洲生态需水达3.24×108m3,占生态需水的57%。The Kuitun River Basin is situated in Xinjiang in the arid regions of northwest of China. With the increase of population and the development of economy, the economy water demand and the ecological water demand have become the principal contradictions of development and utilization of water resources. So in order to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources in Kuitun River Basin and sustainable development of economy, the ecological water demand need to be studied. In this paper, the main eco - environment problems of the Kuitun River Basin were analyzed. At the basis of conception and classify of ecology water demand in arid areas, the scale of ecology water demand of Kuitun River Basin was given. From the current situation of eco - environment and the future demand, the ecology water demand was calculated. The results showed that the ecological water demand in the Kuitun River Basin would be reached 5.65×10^8m^3 ,which occupied 33.3% of the whole water resource about 16.98 ×10^8m^3, and 36.7% of the whole runoff about 15.41 ×10^8m^3. In which the nature oasis ecological water demand would be 2.41 ×10^8m^3 ,occupied 43% of the ecological water demand; the artificial oasis ecological water demand would be 3.24 ×10^8m^3, occupied 57% of ecological water demand.

关 键 词：生态环境问题 生态分区 计算方法 生态需水 奎屯河流域 新疆 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]