喷灌和软管灌溉两用轻小机组特性  

Characteristics of dual purpose sprinkling irrigation and hose irrigation machine

作　　者：范永申[1] 黄修桥[1] 仵峰[1] 李金山[1] 段福义[1] 郁枫 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003 [2]浙江省海宁市马桥街道农业技术服务中心,浙江海宁314419

出　　处：《排灌机械》2008年第4期52-56,共5页Drainage and Irrigation Machinery

基　　金：国家“863”计划项目(2006AA100211);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD11B05)

摘　　要：介绍了一种新型喷灌和软管灌溉两用轻小机组的结构和工作原理,该新型灌溉机组由绞盘车提供行走动力和压力水源,通过喷水车进行喷洒灌溉.机组可配置喷灌和软管灌溉两种不同的灌水系统,满足了不同作物在不同生育期对水分的要求;喷水车安装有高度调节装置,始终使灌水器处于最佳灌水高度;机组上采用低压折射式喷头和软管洒水带等低压灌水系统,使机组的工作压力降低了30%.通过对该机组水涡轮特性、运行特性、喷洒特性的分析,确定了该机组的技术参数.喷洒试验表明,新型灌溉机组可克服受风影响较大的弱点,减少灌溉水分的漂移损失,灌水均匀度可达90%.A new type of light weight and small size machine with sprinkling irrigation and hose irrigation was introduced. The machine＇s set of remotion and pressure water are provided by a capstan car, and sprinkling irrigation by a sprinkler car. The machine has sprinkling irrigation and hose irrigation system, and can satisfy different farm crops in different growth time at the request of water. The sprinkler car set can adjust the height of machine, which makes the sprinkler to always work in the best sprinkling height. The machine adopts lower press refraction type sprinkler and hose tube for lower press irrigation system, which makes the machine＇s work press to drop 30%. By studying the machines water turbine characteristic, amovement characteristic, and insufflations characteristic, the machine＇s technical parameters were determined. Test results show that the new machine may reduce the influence of sprinkling uniformity degree by wind, reduce the water loss, and irrigation uniformity degree can be increased by 90%.

关 键 词：轻小机组 喷灌 软管灌溉 水涡轮 特性 

分 类 号：S277[农业科学—农业水土工程]