桉木粉对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)的抑制作用及其化学基础研究  

Inhibitory Effects and Chemical Basis of Eucalyptus orelliana Wood Meals on the Growth of Alexandrium tamarense

作　　者：杨维东[1] 刘玉荣[1] 刘洁生[1] 刘政[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生物工程学系

出　　处：《环境科学》2008年第8期2296-2301,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2001CB409710);广东省科技计划项目(2004B20501007)

摘　　要：探讨了托里桉(Eucalyptus torelliana)、尾叶桉(Eucalyptus urophylla)、窿缘桉(Eucalyptus exserta)等3种桉木粉对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)生长的影响,并对其抑制赤潮藻类生长的化学基础进行了研究,以期为新除藻剂的筛选提供参考和依据.结果表明,不同桉木粉对塔玛亚历山大藻生长的抑制作用不同,托里桉木粉的抑藻作用明显强于尾叶桉和窿缘桉.灭菌与非灭菌托里桉木粉对塔玛亚历山大藻生长的抑制作用差别不大,表明细菌等微生物并非木粉抑藻的主要原因.不同溶剂粗提物对塔玛亚历山大藻生长的抑制作用不同,丙酮-水粗提物的抑藻活性明显强于乙酸乙酯、甲醇和水粗提物.进一步将丙酮-水粗提物分成A、B、C和D等4个组分,比较不同组分的抑藻活性.结果发现,丙酮-水粗提物中D组分的抑藻作用最强.该组分浓度为3 mg/L时,3 d时对塔玛亚历山大藻的去除率可达81.06%.GC-MS分析表明,D组分中含有4-羟基-3,5,6-三甲基-4-(3-氧代-1-丁烯基)-2-环己烯酮和5,6,7,7a-四氢-4,4,7a-三甲基-2(4H)-苯并呋喃酮等酮类物质.这些结果表明,托里桉木粉可显著抑制赤潮藻的生长,其中存在的酮类化感物质可能是其抑制藻类生长的主要原因.To provide information on the screen of newly and efficient algaecides in controlling harmful algal blooms（HABs）,the effects of wood meals from Eucalyptus torelliana,Eucalyptus urophylla,Eucalyptus exserta on the growth of Alexandrium tamarense were observed and the chemical basis of the antialgal effect was discussed.The results show that the inhibitory activities of the three wood meals are different,and E.torelliana wood meals have the highest inhibitory activity.There are little differences in antialgal action between asepsis and rude wood meals,suggesting that some antialgal compounds from wood meals may be responsible for the inhibition and that microorganisms from wood meals have little effect on the inhibition.The acetone-water extract from E.torelliana wood meals is shown to have stronger inhibition on A.tamarense than that from ethyl acetate,water and methanol extracts.The acetone-water extract from E.torelliana wood meals was further divided into extract A,B,C and D and the inhibitory activities were compared.The extract D is shown to have highest inhibitory activity.3mg/L of the extract appears 81% inhibition rate to A.tamarense in the 3rd day.GC-MS show that extract D contains mostly ketones such as 4-hydroxy-3,5,6-trimethyl-4-（3-oxo-1-butenyl）-2-cyclohexen-1-one and 5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7a-trimethyl-2（4H）-benzofuranone.These results suggest that wood meals from E.torelliana had certain inhibitory effect on A. tamarense,and that ketones may be responsible for the inhibition.

关 键 词：赤潮 塔玛亚历山大藻 托里桉 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]