苜蓿生物覆盖对幼龄茶园生理生态特征的影响  

Ecophysiological effect of Medicago sativa L. biosphere coverage on young Camellia sinensis Kuntze garden

作　　者：董召荣[1] 沈洁[1] 朱玉国[1] 宋贺[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学农学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第4期853-857,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：安徽省科技重点项目(04023066);安徽省教育厅重点项目(2003kj029zd,2005KJ026ZD);安徽省高校中青年学科带头人培养对象计划项目资助

摘　　要：试验研究了不同带型苜蓿生物覆盖对幼龄茶园生态系统的生理生态效应,结果表明:在盛夏季节,随苜蓿种植比例的增加,系统郁闭度提高,茶园光照强度、气温、土壤温度渐次降低,而湿度增加;苜蓿种植比例的增加,可明显改善盛夏季节茶树叶片的"午休"现象,茶树的净光合速率(Pn)提高,2∶1带型、2∶3带型和2∶5带型的Pn分别比纯茶树处理(BS1)增加29.17%、57.29%和80.73%。幼龄茶树与苜蓿间作可改善茶园生态环境,有利于幼龄茶树生长,但带型差异对幼龄茶树生长速率、新稍数量影响规律性不强;幼龄茶园苜蓿生物覆盖可以获得可观的优质牧草,不同带型与纯紫花苜蓿(BS2)之间以及2∶1带型、2∶3带型、2∶5带型之间的苜蓿干草、鲜草产量差异均达到极显著水平。2∶5带型的间作模式效果最好,在改善幼龄茶园生态环境的同时,可收获可观的优质紫花苜蓿。构建茶树、苜蓿人工复合生态系统,不仅能够为幼龄茶树生长创造良好的生态环境,而且可为南方丘陵山区畜牧业发展提供优质饲料。The ecophysiological effect of Medicago sativa L. biosphere of different strips on young Camellia sinensis Kuntze garden was studied. The results show that in mid-summer, increase in Medicago sativa L. planting proportion increases humidity and canopy closure of the system, while light intensity, temperature and soil temperature decrease. With increasing Medicago sativa L. planting proportion, “midday depression” of leaves of young Camellia sinensis markedly improves, net photosynthesis increases, and net photosynthesis rates of 2： 1, 2：3 and 2：5 strip patterns increase by 29.17% , 57.29% and 80.73% respectively. Intercropping of Medicago sativa L. and young Camellia sinensis improves eco-environment of tea orchards, which is helpful for a vigorous growth of young Camellia sinensis, with minimal interval difference effect on young Camellia sinensis. Thermal quality of herbages of Medicago sativa L. biosphere coverage improves significantly as well. Differences in forage and hay yield of different strips, BS2 and different strips of 2： 1, 2：3 and 2：5 strip patterns are highly significant. The best intercropping system is the 2：5 strip pattern, which not only improves the eco-environment, but equally attains high quality in Medicago sativa L. The construction of complex artificial systems between Medicago sativa L. and young Camellia sinensis creates conducive eco-environment for the growth of young Camellia sinensis, which provides good quality feed for the development of pastoral industry in the southern hilly zones.

关 键 词：幼龄茶园 苜蓿 带型 生物覆盖 生理生态效应 

分 类 号：S142[农业科学—肥料学]