不同灌溉方式对温室嫁接黄瓜根系分布影响的研究  

Effect of different irrigation patterns on root distribution characteristics of cucumber in solar greenhouse on the Loess Plateau

作　　者：陈志杰[1] 张锋[1] 梁银丽[2] 张淑莲[1] 周茂娟[3] 徐福利[2] 杜社妮[2] 王琦[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [2]中国科学院水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第4期874-877,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-XB2-05-01);国家科技支撑项目(2006BAD09B07)资助

摘　　要：采用土柱模拟试验和大田调查相结合的方法，研究了不同灌溉方式下温室嫁接黄瓜根系分布特征，结果表明：膜下暗灌和滴水灌溉温室黄瓜根系干重最大值分别出现在黄瓜定植后180d和210d，黄瓜拔蔓时根系干重后者较前者高29．0％。黄瓜不同发育时期根系垂直分布特征有明显差异，在初瓜期前，0．20cm根系干重前者明显高于后者，20cm以下根系干重二者无明显差异；结瓜盛期以后，0～20cm根系干重二者差异不明显，20cm以下根系干重后者显著高于前者。膜下暗灌和滴水灌溉黄瓜根系水平分布在0．15cm。分别占总根干重的96．6％、94．2％。随着黄瓜生长发育的推进，膜下暗灌内侧根系分布数量逐渐下降，结瓜期以前内侧根系占植株根系总数量的61．1％，中后期占15．6％；而滴灌黄瓜全发育期，内外侧根系分布数量比较均衡。说明灌水方式对温室嫁接黄瓜根系分布特征有显著影响。Root distribution characteristics of greenhouse cucumber were analyzed using simulated soil column culture method and farmland research. The results show that irrigation under plastic film mulch and drip irrigation yield the highest cucumber root dry weight at 180 d and 210 d after planting, but root dry weight is 29% higher under drip irrigation at harvest. There is significant difference in vertical distribution of cucumber root at different growth periods between drip irrigation and irrigation under plastic film mulch. Before initial fruit appearance stage, the difference in root dry weight is insignificant below 20 cm depth of soil, while root dry weight under irrigation with plastic film mulch treatment is higher than that under drip irrigation at 0～20 cm depth. After abundant fruit stage, root dry weight difference between two irrigation patterns is insignificant at 0～20 cm depth, but root dry weight of drip irrigation is significantly higher than irrigation under plastic film mulch below 20 cm. Cucumber root horizontal distribution is mainly in the 0 ～15 cm, accounting for 96.6% and 94.2% of total root weight for two irrigation patterns. With the growth of the cucumber plant, inner root distribution gradually decreases from 61.1% to 15.6% of total root amount from before fruit appearance stage to mid or late fruit stage for irrigation under plastic film mulch. The inner and outer root distribution balances out during cucumber growth period under drip irrigation.

关 键 词：黄土高原 温室 黄瓜 根系分布 灌溉方式 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]