甜高粱茎秆采后生理特性及其自发气调包装贮藏的研究  

Physiological property of postharvest sweet sorghum stalk and its modified atmosphere packaging storage

作　　者：梅晓岩[1] 刘荣厚[1] 沈飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海200240

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第7期165-170,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部948项目"农业生物质能先进技术引进与产业化"

摘　　要：为延长甜高粱茎秆贮藏期,研究了甜高粱茎秆采后呼吸速率、蔗糖转化酶、多酚氧化酶等变化规律,并用不同厚度的低密度聚乙烯薄膜(LDPE)进行了自发气调包装(MAP)贮藏试验。结果表明,甜高粱茎秆采后呼吸速率随温度升高而增大,温度从10℃上升到30℃,呼吸速率升高2倍左右;在相同温度下,辽甜一号茎秆的呼吸速率高于辽饲杂一号茎秆的呼吸速率。辽甜一号茎秆在O22.2%、CO27.6%下贮藏10d,辽饲杂一号茎秆在O23.6%、CO26.4%下贮藏17d会发生厌氧呼吸。甜高粱茎秆内中性、酸性蔗糖转化酶和多酚氧化酶在MAP贮藏中活性呈上升趋势,贮藏至30d,总糖有2.8%～20.9%的损失,还原糖升高134.3%～523.1%,茎秆失重率为1.37%～1.51%。甜高粱茎秆在厚度为0.034mm的低密度聚乙烯包装中蔗糖转化酶和多酚氧化酶活性增加幅度较小,总糖损失减少。该项研究为解决甜高粱茎秆制取燃料乙醇过程中的茎秆贮藏问题提供了科学的参考。With the purpose of extending storage period of sweet sorghum stalks, the variations of respiration rate, sucrose invertase, polyphenoloxidase of postharvest sweet sorghum stalk were researched, and Modified Atmosphere Packaging（MAP） storage experiments with Low Density Polyethylene Membranes（LDPE） of different thickness were carried out. The results show that respiration rate of post harvested sweet sorghum stalk increases with the increase of temperature, and the respiration rate increases about twice when temperature increases from 10℃ to 30℃. The respiration rate of stalks of Liaotian No. 1 sweet sorghum variety was higher than that of stalks of Liaoshiza No. 1 sweet sorghum variety at the same temperature. Stalks of Liaotian No. 1 and stalks of Liaoshiza No.1 performed anaerobic respiration at ten-day storage period under the conditions of 2.2% 02, 7.6% CO2, and at seventeen-day storage period under the conditions of 3.6%02, 6.4%CO2, respectively. Besides, the activity of neutral invertase, acid invertase and polyphenoloxidase inside stalks of sweet sorghum in MAP storage presented an increasing tendency. The loss of total sugar content, increase of reducing sugar content and weight loss of stalks were 2.8%～20.9%, 134.3%～523.1%, and 1.37%～1.51%, respectively after thirty-day storage. The stalks of sweet sorghum inside Density Polyethylene Membranes（LDPE） with the package of 0.034 mm in thickness had a relatively low activity increasing extent of sucrose invertase and polyphenoloxidase, and a decrease of loss of the total sugar content. This research provides a scientific reference for solving storage problems of stalks during fuel ethanol production with sweet sorghum stalks.

关 键 词：甜高粱茎秆 呼吸速率 酶活性 自发气调包装贮藏 燃料乙醇 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]