食品废物两相高温半干法厌氧发酵生产沼气初步研究  

Biogas production from food waste by two-stage semi-dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion

作　　者：泮进明[1,2] 张瑜[4] Zhang Ruihong 朱保宁[2,3] Sun Huawei 应义斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310029 [2]University of California at Davis, Davis 95616 [3]北京化工大学化学工程学院,北京100029 [4]浙江经济职业技术学院汽车技术学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第7期199-203,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目-农林生物质工程“沼气规模化干法厌氧发酵技术与装备研究”

摘　　要：为了提高两相厌氧发酵工艺的生产性能,该文研究了一种新的两相半干法厌氧发酵沼气生产系统,即在水解相中批式发酵,每次从工作容积为4L的产烷相中取500mL接种液,与食品废物混合后发酵1～2d,再全部输入产烷相继续生产沼气,如此循环。实验运行温度为50℃,食品废物总固体TS和挥发性固体VS分别为19.3%和16.1%,产烷相先在4gVS·d-1的进料率下单相运行至稳定,稳定期日产气量为(4.09±0.03)L(甲烷占69.0%),pH为7.50±0.02,TS和VS分别为(1.05±0.02)%和(0.64±0.02)%。稳定的产烷相与水解相联合后,水解相在60～700g的进料量下都能正常产气,但氢气含量较低。产烷相在进料量600g时产气量最高,为29.1L/d,随后受到抑制,受抑制前的甲烷含量为72.4%～74.0%,TS和VS含量也在该进料量后达到最高峰,分别为3.50%和2.32%。研究结果表明新的两相半干法厌氧发酵沼气生产系统有效提高了生产性能,在今后的研究中,需要降低从产烷相输入水解相的接种液量,以更好抑制水解相产烷微生物,提高产氢性能,还可使产烷相更加稳定,承受更高的进料量。A new two-stage semi-dry-thermophilic anaerobic digestion system to produce biogas was studied. The system was composed of one hydrolysis stage and one methane producing stage under 50℃. The hydrolysis stage, running in batch, was inoculated with seed sludge from the methane producing stage and fed with food waste. The slurry product of the hydrolysis stage was fed to the methane producing stage after 1～2-d digestion. Food waste used in this study had TS and VS contents of 19.3% and 16.1% respectively. First, the methane producing stage with a working volume of 4 L was singly run under a VS loading rate of 4 g/d. At its stable status, the daily biogas production rate was （4.09±0.03）L, with a methane content of 69.0%; pH value was 7.50±0.02; and the TS and VS contents of the liquid were （0.05±0.02）% and （0.64±0.02）% respectively. After the stable methane producing stage was combined with the hydrolysis stage, the latter stage worked well under a substrate loading of 60～700 g while hydrogen content in the biogas was low. The methane producing stage reached the highest production performance（29.7 L/d） at the substrate loading of 600 g but was inhibited at higher loadings. The highest TS and VS contents of the liquid, 3.50% and 2.32% respectively, were obtained at almost the same time point. The methane contents before inhibition were 72.4%～74.0%. In the future, the volume of seed sludge from the methane producing stage to the hydrolysis stage should be decreased in order to further suppress methanogens to improve hydrogen production in the hydrolysis stage, and at the same time to keep the methane producing stage more stable under even higher loadings.

关 键 词：两相厌氧发酵 食品废物 进料率 沼气 生物制氢 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]