网室蜜蜂传粉制棉花不育系技术的研究  

Studies on the Production of Sterile Line of Cotton Pollinated by Bee in Net House

作　　者：黄丽叶 陈应先 王志刚 毛鹏志 朱江艳 宋超 

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团农七师农业科学研究所,新疆奎屯833200

出　　处：《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》2008年第3期286-289,共4页Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)

基　　金：新疆兵团重大专项(2006GG20);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD44B02)

摘　　要：为探索新疆利用昆虫辅助传粉制棉花不育系技术,2003~2006年利用4个哈克尼西棉胞质不育系及其对应保持系,在网室中进行蜜蜂传粉制棉花不育系技术的研究。结果表明：蜜蜂的数量是影响棉花不育系制种产量的主要因素之一;蜜蜂传粉使棉花不育系的生育期延长,但保持系的生育期缩短;不育系的单株铃数、单株果枝数、单株空果枝数、纤维长度和马克隆值比其对应的保持系虽有增有减,但其差异不显著;不育系的衣分和单铃重均低于保持系,而不育系的始果枝节位、节位高、株高和比强度等性状均比对应的保持系有所增加,但其差异也不显著。不育系的籽棉产量和棉籽产量虽然明显低于保持系,但蜜蜂授粉制棉花不育系1038A的棉籽产量仍达到人工授粉的83.7%,说明在新疆利用网室进行蜜蜂授粉制棉花不育系的方法是可行的。The technique of producing seeds of cotton cytoplasmic male sterile lines pollinated by bee in net house was studied by using cytoplasmic male sterile lines and its maintainer lines of four G. harknessii cotton from 2003 to 2006 in order to explore the technique of producing seeds of cotton cytoplasmic male sterile lines pollinated by insects. The result shows that the number of bees is one of main effects on yield of cytoplasmic male sterile lines. The growth periods of cotton cytoplasmic male sterile lines delayed while that of cotton maintainer lines shortened. Compared to those of its maintainer lines, bolls per plant, fruit-bearing branch per plant, null-fruit-bearing branch per plant, fibre length and Micronaire of cytoplasmic male sterile lines increased or decreased, but the differences between cytoplasmic male sterile lines and its maintainer lines are not significant. Ginning outtum and weight per boll of cytoplasmic male sterile lines are lower than that of its maintainer lines while the first fruiting sites and position, height of the first fruiting sites and position, plant height and specific strength of cytoplasmic male sterile lines are higher than that of its maintainer lines, but the differences are not significant. Although seed cotton yield and cottonseed yield of cytoplasmic male sterile lines are obviously lower than that of its maintainer lines, the cottonseed yield of 1038A pollinated by bee is 83.7% compared with artificial pollination. These results show that the technique of producing seeds of cotton cytoplasmic male sterile lines pollinated by bee in net house is feasible in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：棉花 网室隔离 蜜蜂传粉 不育系 制种 

分 类 号：S562.032[农业科学—作物学]