海河沉积物中磷释放的模拟研究  

Simulated Experiment of Phosphorus Release from Haihe River Sediment

作　　者：孙淑娟[1] 黄岁 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2008年第4期126-131,共6页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：天津市科技发展计划项目(05YFSZSF02100);国家自然科学基金项目(50479034);南开大学“引进人才科研启动项目”资助

摘　　要：在实验室条件下,分别对海河沉积物中磷的释放量与沉积物磷形态分布的关系及好氧/厌氧条件,pH,温度,外源磷含量,微生物活动等环境因素对其的影响进行了模拟研究.结果表明,微生物作用是影响海河沉积物中磷释放量的主要因素;厌氧条件下,磷从沉积物向水体的释放量远高于好氧条件下沉积物磷的释放量;温度升高有利于沉积物中磷的释放;酸性和碱性条件下沉积物磷的释放量略高于中性条件下沉积物磷的释放量;当上覆水磷含量较高时,沉积物中的磷呈"负释放"状态.研究还显示,沉积物中不同形态的磷含量与沉积物磷释放量有不同程度的相关性,其中可交换态磷(NH4Cl-P)和可还原态磷(BD-P)含量与沉积物磷的释放量高度相关(R2分别为0.99和0.84).Phosphorus release from the sediment of Haihe River and its relationship with sediment phosphorus forms were simulated in laboratory, while the effects of anaerobic/aerobic condition, pH, temperature, initial TP concentrations of overlying water and microorganism action were also investigated. The results showed that the action of microorganism was the main cause for phosphorus released from the Haihe sediment. The anaerobic condition was much more propitious to the phosphorus released than the aerobic condition. Also higher temperature was helpful to the phosphorus release, and at the presence of microorganism. The sediment released more phosphorus under alkaline or acidic conditions compared to the neutral condition. For higher initial phosphorus concentration of the overlying water, the sediment absorbed the phosphorus of the overlying water until a balance was reached. It also showed that different forms of phosphorus in the sediment had different degrees of correlation with sediment phosphorus release, in which exchangeable phosphorus （NH4Cl-P） and reducible phosphorus （BD-P） were in high correlation with sediment phosphorus release （R^2 being 0.99 and 0.84 respectively）.

关 键 词：海河 沉积物 磷释放 环境因素 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]