云雾山本氏针茅草地群落恢复演替过程中的物种多样性变化动态  

Change of species diversity on typical Stipa bungeana community restoration and succession in the Yunwu Mountain

作　　者：贾晓妮[1] 程积民[1] 万惠娥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《草业学报》2008年第4期12-18,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(2007CB106803);国家科技支撑课题(2006BAD09B08);国家林业局荒漠化监测专项资助

摘　　要：采用样方法对云雾山干草原区本氏针茅草地群落进行长期定位监测，对未封育样地和封育5，10，15，20和25年样地群落的平均高度、盖度、多度和地上生物量以及植物多样性进行实地调查分析，以研究围栏封育对草地植物群落特征动态变化的影响。结果表明，围封10年样地群落的高度、多度以及地上生物量最大，而群落的盖度则随封育年限的增加呈显著增加趋势，在封育25年达到最大；围栏封育的不同年限也显著影响了群落的物种多样性，在围封10年样地群落具有最高的多样性指数，围封15年样地具有最高的丰富度指数，而均匀度指数则是在末封育群落中表现为最高值，最低值是在物种丰富度最高时出现。由此可见，围栏封育在一定时间范围内可以显著改善群落的恃征，增加群落的生产力，对于本研究地本氏针茅群落的最佳封育期限为10～15年，但围封时间过长在草地退化方面有一定程度的影响。The dynamic changes in community height, coverage, abundance, above ground biomass and plant diversity in Stipa bungeana typical steppe was investigated by a quadrat method. There were six treatments： Unexclosure（W）, 5-year old exclosure （5 a）, 10-year old exclosure （10 a）, 15-year old exclosure （15 a）, 20- year old exclosure （20 a）, and 25-year old exclosure （25 a） plots. The 10 a plot had the highest community average height, abundance, and above ground biomass, but the community average increased with enclosure time and the 25 a plot had the highest community average coverage. Enclosure for 10 a gave the highest species diversity index in the third plots, while 15 a had the highest＇ richness index and lowest evenness index. The highest evenness index was in the non-enclosure plot. Exclosure appears to maintain or conserve, rather than increase plant diversity in contrast to non-enclosure. In conclusion, exclosure can significantly improve grassland productivity for a time and this study has shown that the best exclosure for S. bungeana communities is 10-15 a,there would be no benefit for grassland productivity if the exclosure lasted too long.

关 键 词：围栏封育 群落特征 多样性指数 丰富度指数 均匀度指数 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] Q948.158[农业科学—畜牧学]