铁路路堑边坡植被恢复调查研究  

Investigation on the Vegetation of Cut Railway Slope

作　　者：于燕华[1] 艾应伟[1] 辜彬[1] 左元彬[1] 刘浩[1] 陈黎萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,四川成都610064

出　　处：《北方园艺》2008年第8期94-98,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(4057106440771087);四川省科技攻关支撑计划资助项目(07FG001-018)

摘　　要：植被在边坡生态系统中有着非常重要的作用,具有涵养水源、保持水土的功能。选择四川省成昆铁路沿线不同坡向的土质路堑边坡和岩质路堑边坡,对边坡植物群落的植被类型及其结构特征、边坡植被恢复物种组成及其特征进行了调查研究。结果表明:铁路边坡自然定居物种共103种,隶属48科,全部植物中,常绿灌木2种,落叶灌木9种,藤本植物7种,1 a生草本20种,2 a或2 a以上草本植物49种;蕨类植物15种。群落物种的丰富度虽然较高,但是主要由草本植物构成,结构层次简单,应该适当的在边坡上栽植灌木或小乔木,形成坡面上乔、灌、草或草、灌相互映的群落景观。Vegetation plays a very important role in soil and water conservation, also in the water sources holding in the slope ecosystem. This paper studied plant communities on slopes with different orientation and soil type along the Cheng -kun railway. The results showed that there were total 103 species of natural plant colonized on the slope, and they belonged to 48 families. Among them, 49 species were perennial herbaceous plant, 20 species annual herbage, 15 species ferns, 11 species shrubs, 6 species lianas. Four relatively stable communities were found. The communities had high Species richness, but the communities＇structure were simple. Therefore, to strength the slope＇s stabilization, shrub or arbor should be planted on the slopes. The slopers orientation do not impact the vegetation, whereas the slope soil is the limited factor. Creating a good soil plays a key role in the re-vegetation of cut railway slope.

关 键 词：铁路边坡 植被 自然恢复 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S731.8[农业科学—林学]