保护性耕作条件下玉米田土壤微生物区系变化与影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Regularity and Influence Factors of Change of Soil Micro Flora Under Maize Planting Technology of Conservation Tillage

作　　者：吴海燕[1] 范作伟[1] 刘春光[1] 王海玲[2] 周平[2] 刘武仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院环资中心,长春130033 [2]吉林农业大学,长春130118

出　　处：《玉米科学》2008年第4期135-139,共5页Journal of Maize Sciences

摘　　要：通过田间试验研究了吉林省中部地区黑土保护性耕作条件下玉米不同生育期土壤微生物区系的空间变化规律,明确不同耕作方式细菌、真菌和放线菌的活动主要集中在0～30cm范围内,30cm以下数量很少;土壤微生物数量与土壤有机质、土壤全氮和全磷呈显著或极显著正相关,与速效养分相关性不明显;磷酸酶(酸性、碱性和中性)在播种前与土壤微生物数量均达到极显著相关,但在玉米生长后期没有表现有规律的相关性;保护性耕作对于培育细菌型土壤、优化土壤环境有一定的积极作用。A long-term field experiment was carried out on studying spatial distribution rule of soil micro flora in maize different growth duration in the central regions of Jilin province under black soil planting technology of conservation tillage. The results showed that moreover bacterium （Fungi, Actinomycete） activity mainly concentrates in the 0 - 30 cm scope with different conservation Tillage modes, the quantity of microorganisms under 30.cm were very few. But through to correlativity analysis between soil micro flora and soil environment factor, it indicated that the quantity of microorganisms had significant correlation or greatly significant correlation＇with the organic matter of soil, the total phosphorus and nitrogen of soil, the correlation was not obvious with available nutrient. The phosphoric acid enzyme （acidity, alkalescency and neuter） before sowing seeds has greatly significant correlation with the quantity of microorganisms, but changed of the rule in maize growth later duration was not significant correlation, the conservation tillage had the certain positive role to cultivating bacterium type of soil and developing soil environment. The results of changes of quantity of microorganisms in growth duration with different conservation tillage moded that the conservation tillage played role to cultivating bacterium type of soil.

关 键 词：玉米 保护性耕作 土壤微生物区系 土壤环境 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学]