盐碱胁迫对不同水稻材料苗期生长特性的影响  

Effect of the Growth Characteristics in Seedling of Different Rice Varieties under Saline-alkali Stress

作　　者：李霞[1] 曹昆[1,2] 阎丽娜[1,2] 王超[1,2] 孙志伟[1,2] 周月兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 [2]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第8期252-256,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：江苏省农业科学院基金项目"提高水稻光合特性与广适应性的高效育种技术"(6110704);"运用C4光合基因构建玉米稻的关键技术研究"(6510707);教育部留学择优项目"转pepc基因水稻的碳代谢途径"(3910501);江苏省自然科学基金项目"高光效转pepc基因水稻增产的生理机制及在育种中的应用"(4110402)资助。

摘　　要：【研究目的】为探明水稻苗期耐盐碱特性的生理机制,建立适合江苏滩涂地区简易有效耐盐碱鉴定方法;【方法】以18个不同的粳稻、籼稻以及杂交稻材料作为供试材料,研究人工盐碱处理下,水稻的发芽率、苗高、苗的干物质重以及主根和侧根等生长特性;【结果】研究表明:盐碱处理下,供试水稻品种的生理指标存在显著差异。与粳型水稻材料相比,在盐碱处理下,籼型水稻材料的发芽率低,干物质累积少,主根生长受抑制,而且侧根发根也较少,表现为对盐碱胁迫更为敏感。而杂交稻材料表现则不一致,杂交稻汕优63和两优培九的耐盐碱特性表现处于籼稻和粳稻之间,而杂交稻粤优938的盐碱特性则比籼型水稻材料更为敏感。【结论】经显著性分析,在盐碱处理下,不同水稻品种的发芽率和侧根数目分别在0.01和0.05差异水平,可作为苗期水稻盐碱特性鉴定的重要生理指标。[OBJECTIVE]In order to elucidated the mechanism on tolerance to saline-alkali stress and develop a method to identify the rice varieties under saline-alkali stress in Jiangsu Province,[METHOD] The main growth characteristics of 18 rice varieties such as plant height,livability at bud stage,dry weight of seedling,length of stem,length of root and the number of lateral root,et al.were studied under saline-alkali stress（pH 9.8） ;[RESULTS] The results indicated that the heavier saline-alkali stress was,the more rice bud livability,plant height dropped.As compared with japonica rice plant,indica rice plants were sensitive to saline-alkali stress,exhibiting lower bud livability,lighter dry weight of plant,smaller height of main root and less number of lateral root.While the saline-alkali tolerance of the hybrid rice exhibited a bit different among the varieties.Hybrid Shanyou 63 and Liangyoupeijiu were tolerant to saline-alkali at middle degree,lying between japonica and indica while that of hybrid Yueyou 938 was similar to indica rice plant;[CONCLUSION]Bud livability and the number of lateral root between Ck and saline-alkali were significant at 0.01 and 0.05 level,respectively,which can be the important indexes identifying to saline-alkali stress at seedling stage of rice.

关 键 词：水稻 盐碱处理 基因型 生长特性 干物质重 根长 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]