内蒙古典型草原区地表径流的分布格局与动态  

The Pattern and Dynamics of Surface Runoff in the Typical Steppe of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：王永利[1] 云文丽 苗百岭 梁存柱[3] 王炜[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 [2]内蒙古气象局气象科研所,呼和浩特010051 [3]内蒙古大学生态与环境科学系,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2008年第4期114-117,122,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30330120)

摘　　要：通过定点径流测定区域植被和生境调查,结合遥感与地理信息系统技术和水文分析方法,将小尺度测定的生态水文参数与区域生态环境变化研究相整合,确定了从20世纪70年代末到21世纪初内蒙古典型草原区地表径流的分布格局与动态。通过该方法的应用,初步得出以下结论：（1）20世纪70,80年代末的大部分区域的地表径流深在0-1 mm之间,21纪初的地表径流深在1-2 mm之间,3个时期出现径流最大的区域都在阿巴嘎旗的西南部,最小的区域在中蒙边界附近和灰腾梁。（2）30年来平均径流总量在不断增加,70年代末平均总径流量是4.22×10^7m^3,80年代末的平均总径流量是4.87×10^7m^3,到21世纪初平均径流总量猛增到7.46×10^7m^3。By runoff determination,the regional vegetation and habitat survey,we integrate ecohydrologidal parameters measured in a small-scale and ecological changes in environment.We used the RS and GIS technology and hydrological analysis methods in the research.We reveal the distribute pattern and change of the surface runoff in typical steppe of Inner Mongolia from the late 1970s to the beginning of 21th century.Resorting to this method,preliminary conclusions are as follows：（1） The surface runoff is between 0~1 mm in late 1970s and late 1980s and is between 1~2 mm in the beginning of 21th century in most of the study area.The largest area of surface runoff all appear in the southwest of Abaga Banner in three periods,and the minimum area appear in the near the border and Huitengliang.（2）The total volume of the average runoff of study area increases continually in the growing season in nearly 30 years.The total volume of the average runoff is 4.22 × 107 m3 and 4.87 ×107 m3 in late 1970s and late 1980s respectively and increases significantly to 7.46 × 10^7 m^3 in the beginning of 21th century.

关 键 词：典型草原 地表径流 格局 动态 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S812[农业科学—农业基础科学]