用地积累指数法对铀矿排风井周边土壤辐射污染的安全评价  

Application of the index of geo-accumulation in safety assessment of radioactive pollution in soil near uranium mine exhaust outlet

作　　者：叶勇军[1] 丁德馨[1] 李向阳[1] 钟永明[1] 周星火[1] 刘栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学核资源与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《铀矿冶》2008年第3期138-141,共4页Uranium Mining and Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(0575048);国家安监局生产科技计划项目(06-391);湖南省安全生产科技计划项目(HN08-06)

摘　　要：对某铀矿排风井周边地表土壤辐射污染特征进行了调查与分析,结果表明:1)排风井周边地表土壤中238U的质量分数和226Ra的质量活度随着离排风井距离的增大逐渐降低;2)在采铀期间,同一采样点238U的质量分数随着积累时间的增长而增加。利用地积累指数法对排风井外地表土壤辐射污染进行了安全评价,结果表明:1)排风口周边地表土壤中238U的辐射污染范围为以排风井为圆心半径1 000 m的圆形区域内,226Ra的辐射污染范围为以排风井为圆心半径1 500 m的圆形区域内;2)离排风井距离相同的土壤中226Ra的辐射污染等级高于238U;3)在采铀期间,同一地点238U辐射污染等级随着积累时间的增长而增加。该评价结果对铀矿山辐射防护设计具有一定的指导意义。Data survey and analysis on the character of radioactive pollution in soil near uranium mine exhaust outlet were made. The results are obtained as follows：（1）the content of ^238U and ^226 Ra in soil decreases with the distance between the sample spot and uranium mine exhaust outlet increasing; （2）in the period of exploiting uranium, the content of ^238U in the same sample spot grows with the accumulated time increasing, Next, the radioactive pollution in soil was assessed based on the index of geo-accumulation. The following are our conclusion： （1）the radioactive pollution range of ^238U is a circular area whose center is the exhaust outlet and radius is 1 000 m, and the ^226Ra is a circular area of 1 500 m; （2）the radioactive pollution degree of ^226Ra is higher than that of ^238U in the same place; （3） in the period of exploiting uranium, the radioactive pollution degree of ^238U increases with the accumulated time increasing. The safety assessment result of radioactive pollution is of great important reference to the radioactive protection design in uranium mines.

关 键 词：辐射污染 地积累指数法 安全评价 铀矿 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X837