土壤铜含量对水稻氮素吸收利用及其产量的影响  

Effects of soil copper concentration on nitrogen uptake and grain yield of rice

作　　者：徐加宽[1,2] 杨连新[1] 王志强[1] 王云霞[1] 徐俊[2] 王洁琼[2] 黄建晔[1] 王余龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省常州市农林局,江苏常州213001

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2008年第2期72-76,86,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省社会发展科技计划项目(BS2006019);常州市农业科技成果转化项目(CC2007203)

摘　　要：在盆栽土培条件下，以武香粳14为材料，设置不同土壤铜含量（100、200、400、600、800mg·kg^-1），研究铜胁迫对水稻移栽至成熟期氮素吸收利用及其产量的影响。结果表明：随着土壤铜含量的增加，水稻拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期吸氮量均显著下降，拔节期的降幅明显大于抽穗期和成熟期；土壤铜处理后，拔节期水稻氮素物质生产效率增加，但抽穗和成熟期氮素物质生产效率以及成熟期氮素籽粒生产效率均下降。水稻产量随着土壤铜含量的增加显著下降，主要原因在于铜胁迫条件下水稻吸氮能力明显减弱，其次为氮素籽粒生产效率的下降；相关分析表明，水稻拔节和抽穗期植株吸氮量与穗数、每穗粒数以及生物产量均呈显著或极显著正相关（r=0．844^＊～0．999^＊＊）。综合而言，土壤铜胁迫条件下水稻吸氮能力明显下降，影响植株光合生产，进而使分蘖发生和颖花形成受阻，最终导致水稻显著减产。Pot experiments were conducted using japonica variety Wuxiangjing 14 to investigate the effects of soil copper （Cu） treatments （100, 200, 400, 600, 800 mg · kg^-1） on nitrogen uptake and its relationship with yield formation of rice. Plant nitrogen uptake at different growth stages was inhibited with increasing soil Cu concentration, and the magnitude of reduction was larger at jointing stage than that at heading and maturity stages. Soil Cu stress resulted in the increase in nitrogen use efficiency for biomass （NUEp） at jointing stage, while NUEp at heading and maturity stages, together with nitrogen use efficiency for grain yield （NUEg） at maturity, showed the opposite trends. The stepwise regression analysis showed that significant yield loss under soil Cu stress was mainly caused by inability of plant nitrogen uptake rather than the reduction of NUEg. Correlation analysis indicated that plant nitrogen uptake at jointing and heading stages correlated significantly （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0. 05 ） and positively with panicle number, spikelet number per panicle and final biomass at maturity, respectively, with the correlation coefficients of 0. 844^＊ to 0. 999^＊ ＊. The above results suggested that the significant reduction in plant nitrogen accumulation under soil Cu stress induced the lessening dry matter production, which led to the depression of tiller production and spikelet formation, thus finally contributing to the sharp yield loss at maturity.

关 键 词：水稻 土壤铜含量 氮素 吸收 产量 

分 类 号：S511.06[农业科学—作物学]