由辣椒粉浸出液萃取辣椒碱  

Extraction of Capsaicin from Leaching Solution of Hot Pepper Powder

作　　者：邓雄[1,2] 常志东[1] 雷超[1,2] 刘会洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2008年第4期719-724,共6页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:20406021;20221603);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)基金资助项目(编号:2007CB714301)

摘　　要：以市售干辣椒为原料、95%乙醇为浸出剂,实验研究了溶剂萃取法由辣椒粉浸出液中萃取纯化辣椒碱的工艺条件.在模拟体系和实际体系中均以正己烷和乙酸丁酯为萃取剂,考察了pH值和有机相/水相体积比对辣椒碱收率的影响.结果表明酸化萃取步骤为工艺控制步骤.模拟体系中pH值为11、体积比为7:1时乙酸丁酯对辣椒碱的萃取收率均大于90%,表明以乙酸丁酯为萃取剂,可以提高辣椒碱的浓缩度.实际体系萃取结果与模拟体系趋同,但约20%的辣椒碱不能被萃取.实际体系优化的工艺条件为辣椒粉用量50g,250mL95%乙醇2次浸出,辣椒碱收率为97.0%;浸出液浓缩为浸膏并溶解于NaOH溶液中,在pH值13,O/W体积比1:1时萃取,再用盐酸调节水相pH<11,O/W体积比为1:5时用乙酸丁酯萃取,辣椒碱的收率为浸出量的80%左右.The process of solvent extraction and purification of capsaicin from leaching solution of hot pepper powder was studied using commercial dry hot pepper as raw material, 95%（ω） ethanol as leaching solvent, and n-hexane and n-butyl acetate as extractants. The effects of pH value and phase ratio on the yield of capsalcin both in simulation system and real system were investigated. The results showed that acidification extraction was the control step. Yield of capsaicin in simulation system could reach above 90% at pH 11 and phase ratio 7：1 when the n-butyl acetate was used. When n-butyl acetate was used as extractant, concentration ratio of capsaicin could be increased. The trend of extraction yield in real system was similar to that in simulation system, but nearly 20% capsalcin could not be extracted. When amount of hot pepper powder was 50 g, yield of capsaicin with 250 mL 95% ethanol twice leaching could be 97.0%. Leaching solution was concentrated, dissolved in sodium hydroxide solution, and extracted by n-butyl acetate at pH value 13 and phase ratio O/W 1：1, then pH value of aqueous phase was adjusted to less than 11 with hydrochloride, the yield of capsaicin with n-butyl acetate extraction at phase ratio 1：5 could achieve 80% of leached amount.

关 键 词：辣椒碱 正己烷 乙酸丁酯 乙醇 溶剂萃取 辣椒 

分 类 号：TQ028[化学工程]