纳米材料在石油天然气田开发中的应用进展  

Application and Development of Nanomaterials in Oil Drilling and Recovery

作　　者：柯扬船[1] 魏光耀[1] 

机构地区：[1]重质油加工国家重点实验室(中国石油大学(北京)),北京昌平102249

出　　处：《油田化学》2008年第2期189-192,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

基　　金：中国石油集团应用基础重点项目"成膜技术保护储层机理及技术研究"(项目编号07A20403);国家自然基金项目"重油多核芳烃研究"(项目编号20776157)

摘　　要：综述了纳米材料在油气田开发的各个领域的应用,涉及原理、制备、性能、应用工艺、现场应用效果。①钻井完井液处理剂:具层状结构的水滑石LDHs及正电胶MMH,蒙脱石、水滑石插层聚合纳米复合材料,AM共聚物-SiO2纳米复合材料,PAM反相乳液,蒙脱石与AM、AA共聚交联纳米复合材料PLS。②注水井增注用纳米材料:主要为纳米聚硅,即γ射线激活化学改性SiO2。③调剖堵水用纳米材料:PLS,纳米有机金属活性复合物,类水滑石纳米材料,聚合物微球。④驱油用纳米材料:非gemini小分子双季铵盐,可通过分子自组装在固体表面形成分子沉积膜。⑤其他:纳米相破乳剂,纳米聚合铝硅絮凝剂,纳米防腐涂料。提出了这类材料的"纳米效应"的概念,指出在油气田开发中纳米材料及其应用环境条件都应严格选择。The nanomaterials for use in various sections of oil/gas drilling and production are reviewed and their principles, preparation, performance properties, technologies, and field results are presented in following classes. （1） As drilling and completion fluid additives： layered hydrotalcite （HC） LDHs and positively carged colloid MMH; nanocomposites （NCs） prepared by intercalation/polymerzation on montmorillonite （MMT） and HC; NC PLS prepared by AM and AA polymerlzation/crosslinking on MMT. （2） For use in water injection well stimulation： mainly nanometric polysilicon, or 7-ray activated chemically modified silica, SiOz. （3） For profde modification and water shutoff： NC PLS; metal organic compound activated NC; HC like nanomaterials; polymer minispheres. （4） For EOR： low molecular non-gemini quarternary diammonium salts, forming molecular deposition films on solid murfaces by molecular self-assembly. （5） Others： nano demulsifier; nano polyalumosilicon oxides for coagulation; anti-corrosive nano coatings. Nanoeffects of such materials are suggested. It is stated that a properly chosen nanomaterial should be used in every case under desired conditions.

关 键 词：纳米材料 纳米复合材料 钻井液完井液处理剂 注水井增注剂 调剖堵水剂 驱油剂 综述 

分 类 号：TE383[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE254.4