鸭绿沙塘鳢繁殖习性的观察及性腺发育周期的组织学研究  

Observation of the Reproductive Habits and Histological Gonad Development Cycle of Dark Sleeper(Odontobutis yaluensis)

作　　者：王吉桥[1] 史建国[1] 姜玉声[1] 巴桂香 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]鞍山市岫岩县水产技术推广站,辽宁鞍山114300

出　　处：《水产科学》2008年第8期379-385,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(2002215)

摘　　要：周年调查了鸭绿沙塘鳢的繁殖习性，观察了其性腺发育的周年组织学变化。试验结果表明，鸭绿沙塘鳢Ⅰ龄性成熟，分批产卵，雄鱼护卵，繁殖旺季为4—6月，补充群体6月开始繁殖。1、2月雌雄鱼的比例为1：2，3月至繁殖季节急剧增至1：2～3，10—12月约1：1。1—5月雌鱼的成熟系数急剧增加，5—6月急剧下降，7月后上升后又逐渐下降。11月至翌年3月，雄鱼的成熟系数最低，3—4月急剧上升，5—6月略有下降，7—9月又略上升后而降低。破膜后40d为Ⅰ期精巢；60～70d为Ⅱ期，精原细胞呈束排列；约130d发育至Ⅲ期；约230d发育至Ⅳ期，精巢内除精原细胞、精母细胞外，还有少量直径3．15～4．20μm的精子细胞；约360d（翌年4—6月）为Ⅴ期，有少量长径为2．10μm的精子。7月Ⅵ期的壶腹内，部分精子排出，但仍有大量残留。破膜后53d雌鱼的卵巢为Ⅰ期，卵原细胞直径9．1～10．1μm，同步发育；150d发育至Ⅱ期，卵母细胞直径83．3～124．3μm，细胞核直径71．0～97．2μm，细胞质嗜碱性，核膜内侧有多个核仁，卵母细胞外有一层滤泡细胞，放射膜不明显。约220d发育至不同步的Ⅲ期，有Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的卵细胞，滤泡膜和放射膜明显。约280d（翌年3月）卵巢发育至第Ⅳ期，初级卵母细胞体积增大，充满卵黄颗粒，辐射带增厚。滤泡膜、放射膜和细胞膜厚度分别为7．8、13．0、13．2μm。约370d（4—5月）发育至Ⅴ期。雌、雄鱼分别以Ⅲ期和Ⅳ期性腺越冬。The reproductive habits of dark sleeper in the Yalu River system from 2005 to 2007. The （ Odontobutis yaluensis） was monthly surveyed at Xiuyan section gonadal development cycle of the dark sleeper was investigated histologically. The sleeper was found to reach sexual maturity at one year age, peak spawning from April to June. The eggs and sperm of the sleeper were released in batches and the male guarded the spawning territory and took care of the eggs. The ratio of female to male was 0.5 in January and February, increased to 2 - 3 from March to peak spawning period,and maintained at 1 from November to December. There was a sharp increase in gonadosomatic index （GSI） in the female from January to May, a sharp decrease during May and June, and slight increase and then decreased after July. The minimal GSI of the male was observed from November to the next March, sharp increase from March to April, slight decrease during May and June, and then increased from July to September. The 40 day old sleeper had stage Ⅰ of testis in which spermatogonia with a diameter of 12.7 - 16.7 μn was appeared. Testis stage Ⅱ in which the spermatogonia arranged as a bundle, occurred in the 60 - 70 day old sleeper. Testis stage Ⅲ occurred in 130 day old sleeper,and stage Ⅳ was found in 230 day old sleeper,in which there were a few spermoblasts with a diameter of 3.15 ～ 4.20 p.m as well as spermatogonia and spermotocytes. Stage Ⅴ of the testis was observed from April to June, as 360 day old sleeper. The testis containing a few sperm,which released from April to July,remained in a large quantity,with a long diameter of 2.10 μm. The 53 day old sleeper had stage I of ovary in which oogonia with a diameter of 9.1 ～ 10.1 μm developed synchronously. In November, about 150 old sleeper,the ovary developed into stage Ⅱ in which 83.3 ～ 124.3 μm diameter oocytes covered by a layer of follicle cells,and unconspicuous radiation theca and nuclei with a diameter of 71.0 ～97.2 μm were found. The 220 day old sleeper had

关 键 词：鸭绿沙塘鳢 繁殖行为 精巢 卵巢 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]