鸭绿江河口及近岸地区沉积物中重金属分布的影响因素分析  

Heavy metal distribution and their influence factors in sediments of Yalu River Estuary and its adjacent sea area

作　　者：高建华[1] 李军[2] 王珍岩[3] 汪亚平[1] 白凤龙[2] 程岩[4] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210093 [2]青岛海洋地质研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]中国科学院海洋研究所,中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [4]辽东学院城市建设学院,辽宁丹东118003

出　　处：《地球化学》2008年第5期430-438,共9页Geochimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40506022,40506013);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-06-0446);江苏省六大人才高峰(2006027)

摘　　要：对鸭绿江河口不同地区沉积物中重金属分布特征和埋藏通量的垂向变化进行了分析;探讨了其独特的动力环境等因素对重金属分布的影响;评价了鸭绿江河口地区重金属污染状况及潜在生态风险程度。结果显示,自1920年代到2000年以来,除了Cu的含量和埋藏通量逐年减小之外,Cr、Ni、Zn、Cd、Pb、As和Hg的浓度和埋藏通量具有逐渐增加的趋势;鸭绿江河口地区重金属总体污染程度为重到严重,其中西水道沉积物的重金属总体污染程度和总潜在生态风险程度均最高,重金属污染已经对鸭绿江河口地区的生态环境构成了严重的危害;粒度控制效应不是鸭绿江河口地区重金属分布的最主要影响因素;Cu和其他几种重金属有着不同的来源;最大浑浊带独特的动力机制是造成中水道重金属(除Cu外)的高值分布区和最大浑浊带内的高悬沙浓度分布区相对应的最主要原因。Characteristics of heavy metal distributions in sediments of different areas in the Yalu River Estuary are analyzed, and vertical burial fluxes of heavy metals in different time are calculated. Then, influences of hydrodynamics of estuary on heavy metal distributions are discussed. Lastly, heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk coefficients in surface sediments of the Yalu River Estuary are appraised. The results indicate that from 1920s to 2006, concentrations and burial fluxes of Cr, Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, As and Hg were gradually increasing, whereas those of Cu were gradually decreasing. Heavy metal pollution in the Yalu River Estuary was heavy to very heavy, and the sediments in west channel are characterized by the most serious heavy metal pollution and the highest potential ecological risk coefficient in the whole Yalu River Estuary, therefore the eco-environment of the Yalu River Estuary was seriously endangered by heavy metal pollution. Grain size control effect was not the main factor that influenced distributions of heavy metals. Hydrodynamics of turbidity maxima was the main reason that high concentration of heavy metals （except Cu） corresponded to high suspended sediment concentration in the middle channel of the Yalu River Estuary.

关 键 词：重金属 污染评价 动力机制 最大浑浊带 鸭绿江 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学]