影响南京市社区居民道路交通伤害干预效果的社会人口学分析  

Influence of demography feature on effect of traffic injury prevention education among community residents in Nanjing

作　　者：李小宁[1] 张永青[1] 黄明豪[1] 吴蔚[2] 蒋岳[1] 沈孝兵[2] 杨国平[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,江苏南京210009 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2008年第8期601-602,614,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：江苏省疾病预防控制中心青年科研基金资助项目(No.JSQ200504)

摘　　要：目的了解南京市社区居民预防道路交通伤害的知识和行为情况,针对社区居民道路交通伤害健康教育和健康促进干预效果进行评价,为有效开展社区道路交通安全健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法采用随机多级抽样的方法抽取被调查社区,通过问卷调查的方法获得干预前后的资料,并分析年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度及经济状况等因素对居民道路交通伤害干预效果的影响。结果不同年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度和经济状况的居民,知识知晓率干预效果比较理想,行为行成率干预效果存在着一定差异。干预后,男性的行为改变较明显（χ^2=7.67,P〈0.01）;20～30岁人群（χ^2=2.96,P〉0.05）、大学、高中和初中文化程度的人群（χ^2=2.03、3.34、2.04,P〉0.05）、家庭人均年收入在4万元以上人群（χ^2=2.85、12.41、0.44,P〉0.05）的行为干预效果最不理想。结论开展道路交通安全健康教育工作应针对不同人群的特点采取相应的措施。Objective To study the status of knowledge, practice of the community residents in Nanjing on traffic injury prevention and control, and to provide evidence for the further work on health promotion for traffic injury control and prevention. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Nanjing selected by using cluster multistage sampling before and after the traffic injury intervention. This study compared the effect of traffic injury prevention among the residents of different age, sex, marital status, educational levels and economic situation before and after the traffic injury intervention. Results After the intervention, male residents improved more than females on the practice （ χ^2 = 7.67, P 〈 0.01 ） ; 20 - 30 years old group （ χ^2 = 2. 96, P 〉 0.05 ）, college and high school education （ χ^2 = 2.03, 3. 34, 2.04, P 〉 0. 05 ）, and income above 40000 RMB （ χ^2 = 2. 85, 12.41, 0.44, P 〉 0. 05 ） got the worst intervention effect. Conclusion Further strengthen on the road safety intervention activities should be done to the community residents. And different methods of intervention should based on the different characters of the community residents.

关 键 词：社区居民 道路交通伤害 知识和行为 干预 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]