华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)林大步甲属(Carabus)物种多样性及其变化  

Biodiversity and changes of Carabus Beetles in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest in Pangquangou National Nature Reserve

作　　者：冀卫荣[1] 胡俊杰[1] 李友莲[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第8期3721-3728,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470316)~~

摘　　要：在山西庞泉沟国家自然保护区华北落叶松不同林龄的人工林和天然林内，利用巴氏罐诱法，对其地表甲虫大步甲属Carabus物种进行了系统的调查，结果表明：（1）共获得大步甲属标本1290号，分属于10种，9种是该保护区的新记录种类，其中ecanaliculatus沟步甲、ccrassesculptus粗皱步甲、C．maniifestus罕丽步甲、cvladimirskyi长叶步甲为优势种，肩步甲c．hummeli、刻翅步甲C.scultipennis、粒步甲C．granulatus为常见种。（2）不同林地物种丰富度S、多样性H＇、优势度D、个体数量Ⅳ存在显著差异，均匀度J不存在显著差异；S、H’、D、J在人工林25年生林地最高；N在天然林20～30年生林地最多；β多样性人工林5年生林地最高。（3）4种优势种季节性变化总体上是沟步甲的盛发期为7月和8月份；粗皱步甲的高峰期为7月份；罕丽步甲7月、5月、9月份和6月份发生数量多，8月份稀有；长叶步甲8月份和9月份为盛发期；不同物种在不同林地出现的高峰期是不一致的。（4）物种相似性分析结果是天然林35～45a和60～80a，人工林25a和天然林5—8a极相似，其余为中等不相似和中等相似。（5）生境相似性分析的结果是天然林35～45a和60～80a相似性最高，人工林5年生与天然林20～30a、35—45a生境相似性差异逐渐增大。（6）生境指示种分析的结果是粗皱步甲、罕丽步甲为广布种，肩步甲仅在天然林35～45a和60～80a生的林地采集到，其中在天然林35～45a林地生境物种指示值高达96．73。Carabus beetles were studied in the plantation （5, 25 and 40 years old） and natural forest （5 --8, 20 --30, 35 -- 45 and 60 -- 80 years old） of Larix principis-rupprechtii in Pangquangou National Nature Reserve （ 111 °22′-- 111 °33′E, 37°45′--37°55′N）, Shanxi, China from May to September in 2006 and 2007. Pitfall trapping was employed in the study.Specimens of 1290 beetles were collected and identified as 10 species of Carabus, of which 9 species were new distribution records in the Reserve. Of the collected specimens, C. canaliculatus, C. crassesculptus, C. manifestus and C. vladimirskyi accounted for 29.4%, 28.4% , 17.3% and 13.9% , respectively. These four species were the most abundant species in the research area. C. hummeli, C. sculptipennis and C. granulatu each accounted for 5 % - 1% of the total specimens, and were common species in the study area. C. tuberculosus made up 0.9%, C. sui and C. anchocephalus 0. 2% of the total, and they were rare species in the area. The species richness index （S）, species diversity index （H′）, species dominance index （D） and numbers of individuals （N） were significantly different, and the species evenness index （J） were not significant different among the different types of forests. S, H′, J and D were all highest in the plantation of 25 years old and were all the lowest in the plantation of 5 years old. The numbers of individuals （N） was highest in the natural forest of 20 -- 30 years old and was the lowest in the plantation of 5 years old. The diversity βw was highest in the plantation of 5 years old and was the lowest in natural forest of 60 --80 years old. Specimens of C. manifestus were collected and other dominant species were not collected in May. The occurrence peaks of every dominant species were different from May to September in different forests. The occurrence peak of C. canaliculatus was in July and August, C. crassesculptus was in July, and C. vladimirskyi was in August and September. Specimens of C. man

关 键 词：华北落叶松(Larixprincipis-rupprechtii) 大步甲属(Carabus) 多样性 庞泉沟自然保护区 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学] S791.22[农业科学—农业基础科学]