四川大巴山米心水青冈(Fagus engleriana)群落的物种多样性特征  

Species diversity of Fagus engleriana community in Daba Mountains,Sichuan,China

作　　者：熊莉军[1] 郭柯[1] 赵常明[1] 刘长成[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第8期4007-4014,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40471044)~~

摘　　要：四川省大巴山处于秦岭南部的北亚热带,水青冈属植物分布较集中。该处米心水青冈(Fagus engleriana)林分布面积较大,生长良好,保存相对完好,具有重要的地域代表性。分析了米心水青冈群落的物种组成、区系地理成分、物种多样性以及群落自身特征与物种多样性的灰色关联度,得到以下主要结果:(1)在4个样地28个10m×10m群落样方中,一共记录到维管束植物197种,隶属140属、74科。群落乔木层物种主要由壳斗科、蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、桦木科、槭树科等科组成;灌木层物种主要由蔷薇科、忍冬科、杜鹃花科等科组成;草本层主要由莎草科、菊科、百合科等科植物组成。(2)地理区系成分中,温带成分分别占群落总属数、总种数的65.38%和64.32%,处于主导地位;热带和亚热带成分占总属数、总种数的23.85%、24.32%。(3)群落中物种数目-多度在不同的层次变化趋势不同。(4)群落的物种丰度以灌木层最高、乔木层最低。Shannon指数、S impson指数、均匀度指数以草本层最高、灌木层最低。(5)乔、灌、草3层的物种多样性均受到乔、灌两层植物的多度与盖度的影响,说明群落自身的特征与群落物种多样性是紧密相关的。Northeast of Sichuan Province is a main part of Daba Mountains. There large area of old-growth beech forest dominated by Fagus engleriana is still reserved well. We studied species diversity of the plant community by investigating 4 plots consisting of 28 samples, with a size of 10m × 10m for each sample. The main results are： （1） There are 197 vascular plant species belonging to 140 genera of 74 families in these samples. Tree species mainly belong to the families of Fagaceae, Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Betulaceae and Aceraceae. Species of Rosaceae, Caprifoliaceae and Ericaceae dominate the shrub layer. On the forest floor, common species belong to the families of Cyperaceae, Compositae, Liliaceae and so on; （2） On the composition of geofloristic elements, temperate element is most, with 65.38% and 64.32% in total genus and species numbers in the community, respectively. Tropical and subtropical elements are less than a quarter in both genus and species numbers. （3） The curves of species abundance nature logarithm vs species number are significantly different in the tree, shrub and herbaceous layers. （4） The species richness of shrub layer is highest, and that of tree layer is lowest. The Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and evenness index are highest in the herbaceous layer, and are lowest in the shrub layer. （5） The species diversities of three layers are directly affected by abundance and coverage of tree and shrub layers. This may indicate that species diversity of the beech forest is closely correlated to the structure characteristics of the community.

关 键 词：大巴山 米心水青冈(Fagus engleriana) 物种组成 区系成分 物种多样性 灰色关联 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]