植物区系平衡点及其生物地理意义  

Floristic Equilibrium Point and Its Biogeographic Significance

作　　者：冯建孟[1] 徐成东[2] 

机构地区：[1]大理学院生命科学与化学学院 [2]楚雄师范学院化学与生物系,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《云南植物研究》2008年第4期400-404,共5页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(30760040)

摘　　要：了解植物区系平衡点及其生物地理意义对于理解植物区系的起源、分化以及生物多样性空间格局的形成等方面均具有重要意义。本研究利用野外考察数据、相关的研究案例以及不同地区的种子植物物种名录，探讨了区系平衡点的海拔高度与纬度的关系及其生物地理意义。以药山自然保护区为例的区系平衡点计算结果表明，该区域的区系平衡点海拔在2050m左右；各区域区系平衡点海拔随着纬度的升高呈单调下降格局；各研究区域区系平衡点的年平均温度具有高度的一致性，在12．96±0．28℃左右，表明区系平衡点的出现反映了一定的热量意义，在该温度以下，植物区系成分以热带、亚热带成分为主，而在该温度以上，占主导地位的则是温带区系成分；根据区系平衡点海拔与纬度的关系，我国东部地区植被南北分界线的理论分界线在36°N左右；根据区系平衡点年均温以及我国东部地区等温线的地理分布，我国东部地区植被的南北分界线在34—35°N之间，位于秦岭北坡，这与过去相关研究比较一致。The floristic equilibrium point and its biogeographic significance are important for understanding the floristic origin, distribution, and spatial patterns of plant diversity. Based on field surveys, documented data and related case studies, the relationship between altitude and latitude at floristic equilibrium points, and its biogeegraphic significance are examined The results showed a floristic equilibrium point at 2 050 m elevation on Mt. Yao, northeastern Yunnan, China. rFne elevation of the floristie equilibrium point decreases with an increase in latitude. Mean annual temperature at different floristic equilibrium points shows high consistency around 12.96 ±0.28℃, which hints that the floristic equilibrium point reflects certain energy requirements. Below the floristic equilibrium point, the majority of the flora contains tropical and subtropical elements; above that point temperate elements are dominant. According to the relationship between altitude and latitude at the floristic equilibrium point, the theoretical north-south dividing line between the vegetation in eastern China is around 36°N. According to the mean annual temperature at the floristic equilibrium point and spatial patterns of the isotherm in eastern China, the north-south boundary of vegetation is between 34 and 35°N, on the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains, which is consistent with previous case studies.

关 键 词：区系平衡点 海拔 纬度 年平均温度 植被南北分界线 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]