南京地区观赏草的适应性和利用价值初步评价  

Preliminary evaluation of adaptability and utilization value of ornamental grasses in Nanjing

作　　者：高鹤[1] 刘建秀[1] 郭爱桂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《草业科学》2008年第8期131-138,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：江苏省科技厅基础设施项目

摘　　要：对3科17属30种(27份从国外引进栽培的观赏草和3份南京本土引种的材料)观赏草外部性状、物候期、抗寒性、耐热性、抗病虫性和整株、花序、叶的观赏性进行跟踪观测,评价并分析其在南京地区的适应性和观赏价值,分成A-E 5个等级。A级:细茎针茅Nassella tenuissima、矮蒲苇Cortaderia selloana‘Pumila’,具有很好的观赏性和南京地区适应能力,完全适合在南京地区推广;B级:紫田根Saccharumarundinaceum、柳枝稷Panicum virgatum‘Rehbraun’、发状苔草Carex albula、皱苞苔草C.chungiiC.P.Wang、蓝灰石竹Dianthus gratianopolitanus‘Bath’s pink’、甜茅S.ravennae、狼尾草Pennisetum、棕榈叶苔草C.muskingumensis、歌舞芒Miscanthus sinensis‘Cabaret’、芦竹Arundo donax、劲芒M.sinensis‘Stric-tus’、小盼草Chasmanthium latifolium,有较好观赏性和地区适应性,可以在南京地区推广;C级:宽叶苔草C.flacca、Sorghastrum nutans、金边苔草C.oshimenis‘Gold Strike’、巨针茅Stipa gigantea、斑叶苔草C.variegated、遍生芒M.sinensis‘Cosmopolitan’、花叶虉草Phalaris arundinacea‘Picta’、晨光芒M.sinensis‘Morning light’、拂子茅Calamagrostis overdam,具有一定的观赏价值,但个别指标评分低,应用时增加保护措施;D级:桔红苔草C.testacea、红叶白茅Imperata cylindrica‘Red Baron’、褐红苔草C.comans‘Bronze’、球茎燕麦Arrhenatherum elatiussubsp.Bulbosum、花叶芦竹Arundo donax‘Variegata’、画眉草Eragrostis spectabilis,关于花序表现的几个指标评价均较低,影响总体评价,可以在南京地区推广但不适合观花,可以作为观叶植物;E级:金黄蒲苇Cortaderia selloana‘Aureolineata’各项指标评分都较低,不适合在南京地区推广。Three native grasses and twenty-seven introduced horticultural grasses, which belong to 3 families and 17 genus, were used to evaluate the adaptability and utilization value in terms of growth characteristics, stress resistance and ornamental value with 5 scores system （from A to E）. At the same time, the leaf color, height and growing period were recorded. The results showed that the grasses in A group were Nassella tenuissima and Cortaderia selloana（Pumila）, they performed satis- factory ornamental value and adaptability in Nanjing and were suitable to be utilized in Nanjing. The grasses in B group were Saccharurn arundinaceurn , Panicurn virgaturn （Rehbraun）, Carex albula , C. chungii, Dianthus gratianopolitanus （Bath＇s pink）, S. ravennae, C. rnuskingurnensis, Miscanthus sinensis （Cabaret）, Arundo donax , M. sinensis （Strictus and Chasrnanthiurn lati f oliurn , these grasses showed good performance and could be used in Nanjing. The grasses in C group were C. flacca, C. variegated, Calamagrostis overdam , M. sinensis （Cosmopolitan）, M. sinensis （Morning light）, Phalaris arundinacea （Picta） , Sorghastrum nutans and Stipa gigantean, these had an ornamental value but some of them should be under protection when being used in landscape. The grasses in D group were C. testacea, C. cornans （Bronze）, Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. Bulbosurn, Arundo donax（Variegata） and Eragrostis spectabilis, these could be used in Nanjing but not as ornamental plants. The grass in E group was Cortaderia selloana （Aureolineata）, it was not suitable in Nanjing.

关 键 词：观赏草 引种 评价 利用 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]