MV级气体开关脉冲自击穿特性及支撑结构的优化  

Self-breakdown properties and optimization of insulator envelope for MV gas switch under pulsed voltage

作　　者：尹佳辉[1] 孙凤举[1] 邱爱慈[1] 郭建明[1] 刘志刚[1] 张众[1] 曾江涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2008年第7期1220-1224,共5页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50637010);国家自然科学基金项目(50477019)

摘　　要：设计了两种结构的1 MV气体开关:一种是高压电极为悬臂,未突出绝缘支撑筒的结构(悬臂开关);一种为高压电极突出绝缘支撑筒的结构(分段支撑开关)。结合上述两种开关在脉冲电压下的自击穿实验和静电场模拟,分析了不同开关结构对电场分布的影响,结果表明分段支撑开关比悬臂开关的绝缘更安全,性能更稳定。分析了悬臂开关绝缘支撑筒击穿的原因,认为是开关内形成的流注在电场作用下加速并轰击支撑筒表面导致了支撑筒的绝缘损坏。利用自击穿实验的结果,给出了包含场增强因子形式的Bradley经验公式,计算值与实验结果吻合较好。Two bracing type MV gas switches are designed, the cantilever switch has a cantilevered HV electrode sealed in the brace insulating cylinder, the section-brace switch has an HV electrode spreading out of the brace insulating cylinder. Through self-breakdown experiment and electrostatic field simulation, the optimization of insulator envelop is discussed. The result indicates that the section-brace switch is safer and stabler than the cantilever switch. The reason of puncture in insulator cylinder of cantilever switch is that the stream formed in switch is accelerated by the electric field and then strikes the surface of outer cylinder. Bradley formula with field enhancement factor is given and it accords well with experimental data.

关 键 词：MV级气体开关 绝缘支撑结构 绝缘损坏 击穿场强 

分 类 号：TM836[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]