气泡在波浪中运动的实验研究  

The Experimental Research of Bubble Motion Waves

作　　者：刘春嵘[1] 周显初[1] 呼和敖德[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》1997年第3期315-321,共7页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委资助课题

摘　　要：本文对气泡在波浪中的运动进行了实验研究,得到了气泡在波浪中运动的平均上升速度及上升运动轨迹,并同理论进行了比较。发现当气泡直径小于1mm时,气泡在波浪中的平均上升速度与静水中的稳定上升速度基本一致,波浪的影响很小,且是随机的。当气泡直径大于1mm时,气泡在波浪中的平均上升速度不再随直径增大而增大,而是趋向于某一定值。这与气泡在静水中稳定上升速度的变化趋势是一致的。当气泡直径小于1mm且气泡到液面的距离大于波高时,实验和理论符合得很好。当气泡上升到液面附近,气泡到液面的距离和波高为同一量级时,由于自由面的影响,理论和实验有一定差别。The motion of a bubble in waves was investigated experimentally in this article. The mean rising velocity of a bubble in waves and the motion orbits of bubbles were gotten and compared with theory. It was found that when the diameter of a bubble was smaller than 1mm, the mean rising velocity of a bubble in waves was almost the same as the steady rising velocity in quiescent water. The effect of waves was small and random. When the diameter of a bubble was greater than 1mm, the mean velocity of a bubble in waves did not increase with the increase of the bubble diameter, and it would get to a constant value. This was the same as the situation in quiescent water. When the diameter of a bubble was smaller than 1mm and the distance from the free surface was greater than the wave height, the theoretical results were in close agreement with measurements.When a bubble was near the free surface, there were some differences between experiment and theory because of the effect of the free surface.

关 键 词：气泡 气泡运动 实验 波浪 水动力学 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]